Solar Wind Low-Temperature Periods and Forbush Decreases: a Statistical Comparison

IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
A. A. Melkumyan, N. S. Shlyk, A. V. Belov, M. A. Abunina, A. A. Abunin, V. A. Oleneva, V. G. Yanke
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Abstract

Based on a large amount of experimental material, the hourly values of the solar wind speed and proton temperature were compared; the expected proton temperature and temperature index (the ratio of the observed temperature to the expected one) were calculated. Using the Cosmic Ray Variations Database, from 1997 to 2022 low-temperature periods were identified (intervals lasting more 2 h, in which hourly values of the temperature index less than 0.5). The study investigated (a) statistical relationships between the parameters of low-temperature periods and the characteristics of Forbush decreases associated with different types of solar sources; (b) distributions of parameters of low-temperature periods for interplanetary disturbances containing or not containing a magnetic cloud. The results showed that with increasing duration of the low-temperature period, the proportion of events associated with ejections from active regions increases, while the proportion of recurrent events and events associated with ejections outside active regions decreases. The correlation of the parameters of low-temperature periods with the magnitude of Forbush decreases is weak; with the equatorial anisotropy of cosmic rays, moderate; and with the azimuthal anisotropy, significant. The solar wind speed and magnetic field strength correlate moderately with the temperature index, and the correlation of the range of these parameters with the duration of low-temperature periods is significant or strong.

Abstract Image

太阳风低温期和福布什下降:统计比较
在大量实验材料的基础上,比较了太阳风速度和质子温度的每小时值;计算了预期质子温度和温度指数(观测温度与预期温度之比)。利用宇宙射线变化数据库,确定了从 1997 年到 2022 年的低温期(温度指数每小时值小于 0.5 的持续时间超过 2 小时的时间间隔)。研究调查了:(a) 低温期参数与不同类型太阳源相关的福布什下降特征之间的统计关系;(b) 包含或不包含磁云的行星际扰动的低温期参数分布。结果表明,随着低温期持续时间的增加,与活动区喷射有关的事件比例增加,而重复事件和与活动区外喷射有关的事件比例减少。低温期参数与福布什下降幅度的相关性较弱;与宇宙射线赤道各向异性的相关性中等;与方位各向异性的相关性较大。太阳风速度和磁场强度与温度指数呈中度相关,这些参数的范围与低温期的持续时间呈显著或强烈相关。
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来源期刊
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Space and Planetary Science
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
33.30%
发文量
65
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Geomagnetism and Aeronomy is a bimonthly periodical that covers the fields of interplanetary space; geoeffective solar events; the magnetosphere; the ionosphere; the upper and middle atmosphere; the action of solar variability and activity on atmospheric parameters and climate; the main magnetic field and its secular variations, excursion, and inversion; and other related topics.
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