Behavioral responses of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to sudden loud noises.

IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY
Masayuki Nakamichi, Kazunori Yamada
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

We opportunistically observed 31 cases of responses to sudden loud noises mainly caused by falling rocks and trees in a free-ranging, provisioned group of Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata, at Katsuyama, Japan, and analyzed 27 cases for which we successfully recorded their responses. In 88% of the 24 cases in which the highest- or second-highest ranking adult male probably heard the noise, one or both of them vocalized aggressively in response. Other males tended to vocalize when they were far away from the two highest-ranking males (in 5 of 7 cases in which they vocalized). Adult females vocalized in only 8% of cases, even when they fled from the noise source. These findings suggest that, unlike tree-shaking and female-directed aggression - both performed often in the mating season and accompanied by vocalizations in both high- and low-ranking males of Japanese macaques - vocalizing in response to sudden loud noises is usually limited to one or two high-ranking males in the vicinity. This vocal response could be a way for the males to advertise their social status; it may also serve to calm group members scared by the noise, preventing them from fleeing in panic and dispersing widely. Our observations also suggest that males may monitor which other males remain nearby, and that whereas females may scream in response to socially induced fear, they are least likely to do so in response to fear arising from non-social contexts.

自由放养的日本猕猴(Macaca fuscata)对突如其来的巨响的行为反应。
我们在日本胜山对一群自由放养的日本猕猴(Macaca fuscata)进行了31次偶然观察,观察了它们对主要由落石和树木引起的突然巨响的反应,并对成功记录了它们的反应的27个案例进行了分析。在最高级或第二高级成年雄性可能听到噪音的 24 个案例中,有 88% 的案例中的一只雄性或两只雄性都发出了攻击性的叫声。其他雄性往往是在远离这两只排名最高的雄性时才发出声音(在7个发出声音的案例中,有5个发出声音)。成年雌性仅在 8% 的情况下发出声音,即使它们逃离噪声源时也是如此。这些研究结果表明,与日本猕猴在交配季节经常进行的摇树和雌性指向性攻击行为(这两种行为都伴随着高位和低位雄性的发声)不同,日本猕猴对突如其来的巨大噪音的发声反应通常仅限于附近的一两只高位雄性。这种发声反应可能是雄性猕猴宣传其社会地位的一种方式,也可能是为了安抚受到噪音惊吓的群体成员,防止他们惊慌逃窜和四散奔逃。我们的观察还表明,雄性可能会监视附近还有哪些雄性,而雌性可能会因社会引起的恐惧而尖叫,但它们最不可能因非社会环境引起的恐惧而尖叫。
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来源期刊
Folia Primatologica
Folia Primatologica 生物-动物学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
10.50%
发文量
36
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Recognizing that research in human biology must be founded on a comparative knowledge of our closest relatives, this journal is the natural scientist''s ideal means of access to the best of current primate research. ''Folia Primatologica'' covers fields as diverse as molecular biology and social behaviour, and features articles on ecology, conservation, palaeontology, systematics and functional anatomy. In-depth articles and invited reviews are contributed by the world’s leading primatologists. In addition, special issues provide rapid peer-reviewed publication of conference proceedings. ''Folia Primatologica'' is one of the top-rated primatology publications and is acknowledged worldwide as a high-impact core journal for primatologists, zoologists and anthropologists.
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