Adverse events associated with carbamazepine: a pharmacovigilance study using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Abstract

Introduction: Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a commonly used antiseizures medications (ASM), but its adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can impact the successful management of epilepsy. There are currently limited systematic studies on ADRs related to CBZ, necessitating further investigation.

Areas covered: Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database , we extracted reports where CBZ was the primary suspect, conducting subgroup analyses stratified by sex and age. Four risk signal detection methods ROR, PRR, BCPNN, and EGBM were employed to systematically analyze the ADRs associated with CBZ.

Expert opinion: In the epilepsy population, ADRs related to CBZ often involve examinations, hereditary disorders, and infections. Subgroup analysis showed differences in ADR signals among male, female, elderly, and young patients. Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection and Dermatitis Exfoliative were consistent CBZ-induced ADRs, unaffected by age or sex. The study also identified previously overlooked ADRs such as bone metabolism abnormalities, ocular toxicity, and ototoxicity. Many ADRs linked to CBZ remain underreported. It is crucial to enhance monitoring and information dissemination about CBZ use in epileptic patients. Adjusting medication regimens for high-risk individuals, potentially incorporating acupuncture, traditional Chinese medicine, or alternative anti-seizure medications, should be considered when necessary.