Metabolic Effects of Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Consumption are Preserved in Obesity.

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Josephine M Kanta, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, Jesper F Havelund, Sarah L Amour, Ole Bæk, Duc Ninh Nguyen, Erik A Richter, Jakob G Knudsen, Maximilian Kleinert, Nils Faergeman, Andreas M Fritzen, Bente Kiens
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Abstract

Several health beneficial effects are associated with intake of medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT), however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Furthermore, it remains uncertain whether the acute metabolic effects of MCT differ between lean individuals and individuals with obesity - and whether these effects are sustained following chronic intake. This study aimed to elucidate the postprandial physiological and metabolic effects of MCT before and after eight days intake compared to intake of energy-matched triacylglycerol consisting of long-chain fatty acids (LCT) using a randomized cross-over design in lean individuals (n=8) and individuals with obesity (n=8). The study revealed that consumption of MCT increased ketogenesis and metabolic rate, while lowering blood glucose levels over five hours. The hypoglycemic action of MCT intake was accompanied by a concomitant transient increase in plasma insulin and glucagon levels. Interestingly, the effects on ketogenesis, metabolic rate, and glycemia were preserved in individuals with obesity and sustained after eight days of daily supplementation. Lipidomic plasma analysis in lean individuals (n=4) showed that a part of the ingested MCT bypasses the liver and entered the systemic circulation as medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA). The findings suggest that MCFA, along with ketone bodies from the liver, may act as signaling molecules and/or substrates in the peripheral tissues, thereby contributing to the effects of MCT intake. In summary, these findings underscore the health benefits of MCT in metabolically compromised individuals after daily supplementation. Moreover, we uncover novel aspects of MCFA biology, providing insights into how these fatty acids orchestrate physiological effects in humans.

肥胖症患者摄入中链三酰甘油可保留代谢效应
摄入中链三酰甘油(MCT)对健康有益,但其潜在机制尚不清楚。此外,中链三酰甘油(MCT)的急性代谢效应在瘦人和肥胖症患者之间是否存在差异,以及这些效应在长期摄入后是否会持续,目前仍不确定。本研究旨在采用随机交叉设计,在瘦人(8 人)和肥胖症患者(8 人)中,与摄入能量匹配的由长链脂肪酸(LCT)组成的三酰甘油相比,阐明摄入 MCT 八天前后的餐后生理和代谢效应。研究显示,摄入 MCT 增加了酮体生成和新陈代谢率,同时在五个小时内降低了血糖水平。摄入 MCT 的降血糖作用伴随着血浆胰岛素和胰高血糖素水平的短暂升高。有趣的是,对肥胖症患者的酮体生成、代谢率和血糖的影响在每天补充八天后依然存在。对瘦人(4 人)的血浆脂质体分析表明,摄入的 MCT 有一部分绕过肝脏,以中链脂肪酸(MCFA)的形式进入全身循环。研究结果表明,中链脂肪酸和来自肝脏的酮体可能在外周组织中充当信号分子和/或底物,从而促进了 MCT 的摄入效果。总之,这些发现强调了每天补充 MCT 后对代谢受损人群的健康益处。此外,我们还发现了 MCFA 生物学的新方面,为了解这些脂肪酸如何协调人体的生理效应提供了见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
98
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism publishes original, mechanistic studies on the physiology of endocrine and metabolic systems. Physiological, cellular, and molecular studies in whole animals or humans will be considered. Specific themes include, but are not limited to, mechanisms of hormone and growth factor action; hormonal and nutritional regulation of metabolism, inflammation, microbiome and energy balance; integrative organ cross talk; paracrine and autocrine control of endocrine cells; function and activation of hormone receptors; endocrine or metabolic control of channels, transporters, and membrane function; temporal analysis of hormone secretion and metabolism; and mathematical/kinetic modeling of metabolism. Novel molecular, immunological, or biophysical studies of hormone action are also welcome.
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