Akkermansia beyond muciniphila - emergence of new species Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov.

Abstract

The human gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila is the most studied bacterial species within the Verrucomicrobiota phylum. It has been proposed as a beneficial next-generation probiotic for cardiometabolic and immune health. Efforts from various research groups have resulted in the recent discovery of new species and/or phylotypes of the genus Akkermansia. This highlighted the genetic and phenotypic diversity among the Akkermansia isolates, providing an opportunity to identify novel mechanisms pertaining to health benefits. Genetic diversity between strains warrants detailed investigation to determine beneficial Akkermansia strains. Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov. has emerged as the second most prevalent Akkermansia species in the human gut, with unique properties and potential relevance for human health. In addition, indications of the co-existence of more than one Akkermansia phylotype or species in a subject are intriguing. These new discoveries pave the way for additional developments of effective and targeted Akkermansia species-based interventions to provide health benefits.