The influence of light and heavy training weeks on the cortisol and testosterone awakening responses of elite male judokas: is skeletal muscle damage a mediating factor?

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES
Biology of Sport Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI:10.5114/biolsport.2024.135415
Blair T Crewther, Benjamin G Serpell, Christian J Cook, Zbigniew Obmiński
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In sport, the awakening responses of cortisol (CAR) and testosterone (TAR) have been used as evaluative tools. Research findings are, however, inconsistent and the mechanisms involved are unclear. This study investigated the CAR and TAR in male athletes across light and heavy training weeks, focusing on skeletal muscle damage as a mediating factor. Twenty elite male judokas were assessed across consecutive weeks of light and heavy training (i.e., 6 days, 9-10 weekly sessions). Plasma cortisol and testosterone concentrations were measured post-awakening (+3, +30, +60 mins), along with creatine kinase (CK) at +3 mins. The CAR and TAR were indexed by baseline-corrected change scores (Δb30, Δb60) and area under the curve (AUCb30, AUCb60). The early-morning surge in plasma cortisol concentration (CARΔb30, CARΔb60, CARAUCb30, CARAUCb60) was significantly larger after light versus heavy training with effect-size differences of 2.14-2.64. The post-awakening decline in plasma testosterone (TARΔb30, TARAUCb30, TARAUCb60) was found to be significantly less pronounced, whilst CK level was elevated, after heavy than light training with effect-size differences of 0.95-1.04 and 4.70, respectively. Causal mediation analysis confirmed that CK mediated, in part, the training effect on the CAR, but not TAR, measures. In summary, male judokas, upon rising after a light training block, displayed a rising CAR (36%, 22%) and declining TAR (-11%, -15%) at +30 and +60 mins. A high-intensity training block suppressed the CAR (21%, 8%) and attenuated the TAR (-7%, -13%) with accompanying muscle damage offering one mechanism to partly explain the CAR differences.

轻度和重度训练周对精英男子柔道运动员皮质醇和睾酮唤醒反应的影响:骨骼肌损伤是中介因素吗?
在体育运动中,皮质醇(CAR)和睾酮(TAR)的觉醒反应被用作评价工具。然而,研究结果并不一致,相关机制也不清楚。本研究调查了男性运动员在轻度和重度训练周的皮质醇和睾酮觉醒反应,重点关注骨骼肌损伤这一中介因素。研究人员对 20 名精英男子柔道运动员进行了连续几周的轻度和重度训练(即 6 天,每周 9-10 次训练)。在觉醒后(+3、+30、+60 分钟)测量血浆皮质醇和睾酮浓度,并在 +3 分钟测量肌酸激酶(CK)。CAR 和 TAR 以基线校正变化分数(Δb30、Δb60)和曲线下面积(AUCb30、AUCb60)为指标。清晨血浆皮质醇浓度的激增(CARΔb30、CARΔb60、CARAUCb30、CARAUCb60)在轻度训练后明显大于重度训练,效应大小差异为 2.14-2.64。研究发现,大运动量训练后血浆睾酮(TARΔb30、TARAUCb30、TARAUCb60)的下降幅度明显小于小运动量训练,而肌酸激酶(CK)水平则升高,两者的效应大小差异分别为 0.95-1.04 和 4.70。因果中介分析证实,肌酸激酶在一定程度上调节了训练对CAR(而非TAR)指标的影响。总之,男性柔道运动员在轻度训练后起床时,在 +30 分钟和 +60 分钟时,CAR(36%,22%)上升,TAR(-11%,-15%)下降。高强度训练区块抑制了CAR(21%,8%),减弱了TAR(-7%,-13%),伴随的肌肉损伤提供了部分解释CAR差异的机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biology of Sport
Biology of Sport 生物-运动科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
12.50%
发文量
113
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Biology of Sport is the official journal of the Institute of Sport in Warsaw, Poland, published since 1984. Biology of Sport is an international scientific peer-reviewed journal, published quarterly in both paper and electronic format. The journal publishes articles concerning basic and applied sciences in sport: sports and exercise physiology, sports immunology and medicine, sports genetics, training and testing, pharmacology, as well as in other biological aspects related to sport. Priority is given to inter-disciplinary papers.
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