Relative age effect across the talent identification process of youth female soccer players in the United States: Influence of birth year, position, biological maturation, and skill level.
Laura Finnegan, Mirelle van Rijbroek, José M Oliva-Lozano, Rick Cost, Matthew Andrew
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The aims of the study were to examine the relative age effect (RAE) in youth female soccer players in the United States (US) and the influence of birth year, playing position, estimated maturation and skill ratings. The sample consisted of 3,364 youth female soccer players who were active in the 2021-2022 US soccer season across three main stages of the talent identification (TID) process for Youth National Team (YNT) players (i.e., Club, TID Center, and YNT). A prevalent RAE for players born in Q1 was present in the full sample. A significant prevalence for Q1 players were identified for both Club and TID Center, but not YNT. A significant RAE prevalence for Q1 players was identified for most of the age groups from U13-U18 at Club (except U18) and TID Center (except U17). Significant RAEs prevalence for players born in Q1 were found in Goalkeepers, Center Backs, Midfielders, and Center Forwards at Club and TID Center (except Wide Forwards). The data identified a consistent RAE prevalence for Q1 players in early and on-time-maturers across all levels. An even birthdate spread was evident in YNT with a prevalence for Q4 players and a higher percentage of late-maturers than elsewhere in the TID process. Results reinforce evidence indicating RAEs still exist in soccer, yet show for the first time within a youth female soccer TID process, the influence of contextual factors on the prevalence of RAE. This information can be used to advance TID and development across the US soccer landscape.
本研究旨在考察美国青少年女子足球运动员的相对年龄效应(RAE)以及出生年份、踢球位置、估计成熟度和技能评级的影响。样本由 3,364 名青少年女足运动员组成,她们活跃在 2021-2022 年美国足球赛季的青少年国家队(YNT)运动员人才识别(TID)过程的三个主要阶段(即俱乐部、TID 中心和 YNT)。在全部样本中,第一季度出生的球员普遍存在 RAE。在俱乐部和 TID 中心,Q1 球员的 RAE 患病率明显高于 YNT 球员。在俱乐部(U18 除外)和 TID 中心(U17 除外),从 U13 到 U18 的大多数年龄组中都发现 Q1 球员有明显的 RAE 患病率。在俱乐部和 TID 中心(边前卫除外)的守门员、中后卫、中场球员和中前卫中,发现一季度出生的球员有明显的 RAE 患病率。数据显示,在所有级别的早熟球员和准时成熟球员中,一季度出生球员的 RAE 患病率是一致的。在青年联赛中,出生日期分布明显均匀,Q4 球员的发生率和晚熟球员的比例高于 TID 其他级别。研究结果加强了表明足球运动中仍存在RAE的证据,同时也首次显示了在青少年女子足球TID过程中,环境因素对RAE发生率的影响。这些信息可用于在美国足球界推进TID和发展。
期刊介绍:
Biology of Sport is the official journal of the Institute of Sport in Warsaw, Poland, published since 1984.
Biology of Sport is an international scientific peer-reviewed journal, published quarterly in both paper and electronic format. The journal publishes articles concerning basic and applied sciences in sport: sports and exercise physiology, sports immunology and medicine, sports genetics, training and testing, pharmacology, as well as in other biological aspects related to sport. Priority is given to inter-disciplinary papers.