Vanessa I Rodriguez, Jamila Mammadova, Jennifer B Permuth, Anjuli Luthra, Luis Pena, Mark Friedman, Aamir Dam, Saraswathi Cappelle, Mokenge P Malafa, Candice Hallmon, Cassandra Miranda, Shaffer R S Mok
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Risk factors for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) include tobacco/alcohol abuse, genetic predisposition, insulin resistance, and pancreatic cysts. Despite these well-established risk factors and the screening of high-risk individuals, some people still develop PDAC. This study aims to explore a potential risk factor for PDAC by investigating the association between fungal toxins (FT) and environmental toxins (ET) and the disease. We predicted that individuals with PDAC would have higher levels of these toxins compared to healthy controls. The rationale behind this hypothesis is that exposure to FT and ET might contribute to the development of PDAC by elevating cancer risk.
Methods: A pilot retrospective cohort study was conducted at Moffitt Cancer Center from 2022 to 2023. This study compared FT and ET levels, demographic data, and PDAC features between subjects with PDAC and healthy controls.
Results: Forty subjects were enrolled in the study, comprising 20 with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and 20 healthy controls. Baseline demographics were similar between the two groups. Among the PDAC subjects, the most common tumor location was the head of the pancreas (55%); 30% had locally advanced disease, 45% were borderline resectable, and 10% had metastatic disease. Compared to the controls, subjects with PDAC had significantly higher levels of fungal toxins (FTs) including ochratoxin, gliotoxin, and citrinin (p < 0.05). Additionally, PDAC patients had significantly elevated levels of environmental toxins (ETs) such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), xylene, styrene, acrylonitrile, perchlorate, diphenyl phosphate, bromopropane, organophosphates, acrolein, tiglylglycine, and diethylphosphate (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that subjects with PDAC, without other risk factors, have higher FT and ET levels than controls. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether ET and FT exposure can be clinically utilized as a risk factor for PDAC development.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer is a multidisciplinary medium for the publication of novel research pertaining to cancers arising from the gastrointestinal tract.The journal is dedicated to the most rapid publication possible.The journal publishes papers in all relevant fields, emphasizing those studies that are helpful in understanding and treating cancers affecting the esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder and biliary tree, pancreas, small bowel, large bowel, rectum, and anus. In addition, the Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer publishes basic and translational scientific information from studies providing insight into the etiology and progression of cancers affecting these organs. New insights are provided from diverse areas of research such as studies exploring pre-neoplastic states, risk factors, epidemiology, genetics, preclinical therapeutics, surgery, radiation therapy, novel medical therapeutics, clinical trials, and outcome studies.In addition to reports of original clinical and experimental studies, the journal also publishes: case reports, state-of-the-art reviews on topics of immediate interest or importance; invited articles analyzing particular areas of pancreatic research and knowledge; perspectives in which critical evaluation and conflicting opinions about current topics may be expressed; meeting highlights that summarize important points presented at recent meetings; abstracts of symposia and conferences; book reviews; hypotheses; Letters to the Editors; and other items of special interest, including:Complex Cases in GI Oncology: This is a new initiative to provide a forum to review and discuss the history and management of complex and involved gastrointestinal oncology cases. The format will be similar to a teaching case conference where a case vignette is presented and is followed by a series of questions and discussion points. A brief reference list supporting the points made in discussion would be expected.
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