Associations of Co-Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals with Sex Steroid Hormones among Children Aged 6-19 Years.

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Hormone Research in Paediatrics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1159/000541875

Qi Ding, Tingting Hao, Yuan Gao, Shanjiamei Jiang, Yu Zhu, Yue'e Huang, Yali Liang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that may have a combined effect on sex hormone levels in children. This study investigated the correlations between co-exposure to PAHs and HMs and levels of sex steroid hormones in children.

Methods: We employed the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2016, including 1,167 participants aged 6-19 years. Sex hormone indicators include testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), and the TT/E2 ratio. Weighted multivariate linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to analyze the associations between co-exposure to PAHs and HMs and sex steroid hormone levels.

Results: Co-exposure to PAHs and HMs was associated with a 16.2% reduction (95% CI [-0.321, -0.004]) in SHBG level among prepubertal males and a 16% reduction (95% CI [-0.30, -0.03]) in E2 level among pubertal males by the WQS regression, and cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) contributed the highest weight, respectively. In the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model, co-exposure to PAHs and HMs was positively associated with TT/E2 in pubertal males and negatively correlated with FAI in pubertal females, and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR) and Cd were the most important components, respectively.

Conclusions: Co-exposure to PAHs and HMs was associated with sex hormone levels in children. These findings highlight the necessity for preventing the effects of these chemicals on sex hormones.

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6-19 岁儿童共同接触多环芳烃和重金属与性类固醇激素的关系。

导言多环芳烃（PAHs）和重金属（HMs）是干扰内分泌的化学物质（EDCs），可能会对儿童的性激素水平产生综合影响。本研究调查了同时暴露于多环芳烃和重金属与儿童性激素水平之间的相关性。方法我们采用了 2013 年至 2016 年美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据，其中包括 1,167 名 6-19 岁的参与者。性激素指标包括睾酮（TT）、雌二醇（E2）、性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）、游离雄激素指数（FAI）和TT/E2比值。采用加权多元线性回归、加权量化和（WQS）回归和贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）分析共同暴露于多环芳烃和 HMs 与性激素水平之间的关系。结果通过加权量化总和（WQS）回归，共同暴露于PAHs和HMs与青春期前男性SHBG水平降低16.2%[95%CI (-0.321, -0.004)]和青春期男性E2水平降低16%[95%CI (-0.30, -0.03)]有关，镉（Cd）和汞（Hg）的权重分别最高。在贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）模型中，共同暴露于 PAHs 和 HMs 与青春期男性的 TT/ E2 呈正相关，与青春期女性的 FAI 呈负相关，而 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR) 和 Cd 分别是最重要的组成部分。结论同时暴露于多环芳烃和 HMs 与儿童的性激素水平有关。这些发现凸显了防止这些化学物质影响性激素的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Hormone Research in Paediatrics ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-PEDIATRICS

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of ''Hormone Research in Paediatrics'' is to improve the care of children with endocrine disorders by promoting basic and clinical knowledge. The journal facilitates the dissemination of information through original papers, mini reviews, clinical guidelines and papers on novel insights from clinical practice. Periodic editorials from outstanding paediatric endocrinologists address the main published novelties by critically reviewing the major strengths and weaknesses of the studies.