Silvia Cases-Cunillera, Anne Quatraccioni, Laura Rossini, Gabriele Ruffolo, Tomonori Ono, Stéphanie Baulac, Stéphane Auvin, Terence J O'Brien, David C Henshall, Özlem Akman, Raman Sankar, Aristea S Galanopoulou
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Epilepsy represents a common neurological disorder in patients with developmental brain lesions, particularly in association with malformations of cortical development and low-grade glioneuronal tumors. In these diseases, genetic and molecular alterations in neurons are increasingly discovered that can trigger abnormalities in the neuronal network, leading to higher neuronal excitability levels. However, the mechanisms underlying epilepsy cannot rely solely on assessing the neuronal component. Growing evidence has revealed the high degree of complexity underlying epileptogenic processes, in which glial cells emerge as potential modulators of neuronal activity. Understanding the role of glial cells in developmental brain lesions such as malformations of cortical development and low-grade glioneuronal tumors is crucial due to the high degree of pharmacoresistance characteristic of these lesions. This has prompted research to investigate the role of glial and immune cells in epileptiform activity to find new therapeutic targets that could be used as combinatorial drug therapy. In a special session of the XVI Workshop of the Neurobiology of Epilepsy (WONOEP, Talloires, France, July 2022) organized by the Neurobiology Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy, we discussed the evidence exploring the genetic and molecular mechanisms of glial cells and immune response and their implications in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental pathologies associated with early life epilepsies.
癫痫是脑发育病变患者常见的神经系统疾病,特别是与皮质发育畸形和低度胶质细胞瘤相关的疾病。在这些疾病中,越来越多地发现神经元的基因和分子改变会引发神经元网络异常,导致神经元兴奋性水平升高。然而,癫痫的发病机制不能仅仅依赖于对神经元成分的评估。越来越多的证据揭示了致痫过程的高度复杂性,其中神经胶质细胞成为神经元活动的潜在调节器。由于大脑皮质发育畸形和低级别胶质细胞瘤等脑发育病变具有高度抗药性,因此了解胶质细胞在这些病变中的作用至关重要。这促使人们研究神经胶质细胞和免疫细胞在癫痫样活动中的作用,以寻找可用作组合药物疗法的新治疗靶点。在国际抗癫痫联盟(International League Against Epilepsy)神经生物学委员会组织的第十六届癫痫神经生物学研讨会(WONOEP,法国塔卢瓦,2022年7月)的一次特别会议上,我们讨论了探索神经胶质细胞和免疫反应的遗传和分子机制的证据,以及它们在与生命早期癫痫相关的神经发育病理学发病机制中的影响。
期刊介绍:
Epilepsia is the leading, authoritative source for innovative clinical and basic science research for all aspects of epilepsy and seizures. In addition, Epilepsia publishes critical reviews, opinion pieces, and guidelines that foster understanding and aim to improve the diagnosis and treatment of people with seizures and epilepsy.