Environmental exposures influence multigenerational epigenetic transmission.

IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Eleanor Klibaner-Schiff, Elisabeth M Simonin, Cezmi A Akdis, Ana Cheong, Mary M Johnson, Margaret R Karagas, Sarah Kirsh, Olivia Kline, Maitreyi Mazumdar, Emily Oken, Vanitha Sampath, Nicholas Vogler, Xiaobin Wang, Kari C Nadeau
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Epigenetic modifications control gene expression and are essential for turning genes on and off to regulate and maintain differentiated cell types. Epigenetics are also modified by a multitude of environmental exposures, including diet and pollutants, allowing an individual's environment to influence gene expression and resultant phenotypes and clinical outcomes. These epigenetic modifications due to gene-environment interactions can also be transmitted across generations, raising the possibility that environmental influences that occurred in one generation may be transmitted beyond the second generation, exerting a long-lasting effect. In this review, we cover the known mechanisms of epigenetic modification acquisition, reprogramming and persistence, animal models and human studies used to understand multigenerational epigenetic transmission, and examples of environmentally induced epigenetic change and its transmission across generations. We highlight the importance of environmental health not only on the current population but also on future generations that will experience health outcomes transmitted through epigenetic inheritance.

环境暴露影响多代表观遗传传递。
表观遗传修饰控制着基因的表达,是开启和关闭基因以调节和维持分化细胞类型的关键。表观遗传学也会受到包括饮食和污染物在内的多种环境影响而发生改变,从而使个体所处的环境影响基因表达以及由此产生的表型和临床结果。基因与环境相互作用导致的这些表观遗传学改变还可以跨代传递,这就提出了一种可能性,即发生在一代人身上的环境影响可能会传递到第二代人之后,从而产生持久的影响。在这篇综述中,我们将介绍已知的表观遗传修饰获得、重编程和持续机制,用于了解多代表观遗传传递的动物模型和人类研究,以及环境诱导的表观遗传变化及其跨代传递的实例。我们强调了环境健康的重要性,这不仅关系到当前的人口,还关系到后代的健康,因为他们将经历通过表观遗传传递的健康结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
自引率
5.30%
发文量
150
期刊介绍: Clinical Epigenetics, the official journal of the Clinical Epigenetics Society, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that encompasses all aspects of epigenetic principles and mechanisms in relation to human disease, diagnosis and therapy. Clinical trials and research in disease model organisms are particularly welcome.
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