A comprehensive framework for 5G indoor localization

IF 4.5 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Computer Communications Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.comcom.2024.107968

Antonin Le Floch , Rahim Kacimi , Pierre Druart , Yoann Lefebvre , André-Luc Beylot

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Localization inside legacy private 5G networks is a daunting task that involves solving the problem of indoor localization using commercial off-the-shelf proprietary hardware. While some previous work has focused on experimental analysis, none has undertaken to develop a realistic solution based on commercial equipment. In this study, we present the first comprehensive and concrete 5G framework that combines fingerprinting with the 3GPP Enhanced Cell ID (E-CID) approach. Our methodology consists of a machine-learning model to deduce the user’s position by comparing the signal strength received from the User Equipment (UE) with a reference radio power map. To achieve this, the 3GPP protocols and functions are improved to provide open, centralized, and universal localization functions. A new reference map paradigm named Optical Radio Power Estimation using Light Analysis (ORPELA) is introduced. Real-world experiments prove that it is reproducible and more accurate than state-of-the-art radio-planning software. Machine-learning models are then designed, trained, and optimized for an ultra-challenging radio context. Finally, a large-scale experimental campaign encompassing a wide range of cases, including line-of-sight or mobility, is being conducted to demonstrate expected location performance within realistic 5G private networks.

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5G 室内定位综合框架

在传统专用 5G 网络内进行定位是一项艰巨的任务，涉及使用现成的商用专有硬件解决室内定位问题。虽然以前的一些工作侧重于实验分析，但还没有人着手开发基于商用设备的现实解决方案。在本研究中，我们首次提出了将指纹识别与 3GPP 增强小区 ID（E-CID）方法相结合的全面而具体的 5G 框架。我们的方法包括一个机器学习模型，通过比较从用户设备（UE）接收到的信号强度和参考无线电功率图来推断用户的位置。为此，我们改进了 3GPP 协议和功能，以提供开放、集中和通用的定位功能。我们引入了一种名为 "利用光分析的光学无线电功率估算（ORPELA）"的新参考图范例。真实世界的实验证明，它具有可重复性，而且比最先进的无线电规划软件更加精确。然后，针对极具挑战性的无线电环境设计、训练和优化了机器学习模型。最后，正在进行大规模的实验活动，包括视距或移动性等多种情况，以证明在现实的 5G 专用网络中的预期定位性能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Computer Communications 工程技术-电信学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

397

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Computer and Communications networks are key infrastructures of the information society with high socio-economic value as they contribute to the correct operations of many critical services (from healthcare to finance and transportation). Internet is the core of today''s computer-communication infrastructures. This has transformed the Internet, from a robust network for data transfer between computers, to a global, content-rich, communication and information system where contents are increasingly generated by the users, and distributed according to human social relations. Next-generation network technologies, architectures and protocols are therefore required to overcome the limitations of the legacy Internet and add new capabilities and services. The future Internet should be ubiquitous, secure, resilient, and closer to human communication paradigms. Computer Communications is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes high-quality scientific articles (both theory and practice) and survey papers covering all aspects of future computer communication networks (on all layers, except the physical layer), with a special attention to the evolution of the Internet architecture, protocols, services, and applications.