Electro-anatomically confirmed sites of origin of ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular contractions and occurrence of R wave in lead aVR: A proof of concept study

Abstract

Background

The R wave in lead aVR, during the wide QRS complex tachycardia, is commonly observed in a ventricular tachycardia (VT) arising from certain locations in the ventricles.

Objectives

This was a retrospective and a proof of concept study to correlate the sites of origin of VT and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) with the occurrence of R wave in lead aVR.

Methods

Patients with VT or high density of PVCs were included. Surface and intracardiac electrograms were recorded during the arrhythmia. VTs and PVCs arising from the inferior, inferolateral, or apical region of the ventricles were grouped into Zone 2. Those arising from the other areas of the ventricles were grouped into Zone 1.

Results

Sixty-four patients were included in the study. The mean age was 57 years. There were 47 males. Among 64 patients with VT or PVCs, 28 patients had an R wave in aVR (43.7%), In 26 of 28 patients with an R wave in aVR, the site of origin of the arrhythmia was in Zone 2. The R wave in aVR was absent in 36 patients, 34 of whom had the origin of arrhythmia focus in Zone 1. The presence of an R wave in aVR correctly identified Zone 2 as a site of origin of the arrhythmia with high sensitivity (93%) and specificity (94%).

Conclusions

The presence of an R wave in aVR during wide QRS complex tachycardia or PVC is a valuable observation for identifying the site of origin of the arrhythmia and hence in distinguishing supraventricular tachycardia with aberrancy from VT.