{"title":"A new methodology for evaluating the neighbor discovery time in schedule-based asynchronous duty-cycling wireless sensor networks","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2024.102967","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Duty cycling is a fundamental mechanism for battery-operated wireless networks, such as wireless sensor networks. Due to its importance, it is an integral part of several Medium Access Protocols and related wireless technologies. In Schedule-based Asynchronous Duty Cycle, nodes activate and deactivate their radio interfaces according to a pre-designed schedule of slots, which guarantees overlapping uptime between two neighbors, independent of the offset between their internal clocks, making communication between them possible. This paper presents a new methodology for evaluating the Neighbor Discovery Time (NDT) of Schedule-based Asynchronous Duty Cycle. Differently from previous methodologies, it accounts for the possibility of the slots in the schedules of the two neighbors not being perfectly border-aligned — an unrealistic assumption in practice. By means of simulation, we show that not taking this under consideration can lead to an overestimate of the NDT by a factor of 2 depending on the particular scenario, thus justifying the importance of our work.<ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>We propose a new subslot-based methodology for computing the NDT of a wakeup schedule used for asynchronous duty cycling.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>It replaces the traditional slot-based methodology, by dividing slots into subslots, allowing for the analysis of non-integer clock offsets between nodes, and further allowing mathematical models to consider the more realistic continuous-time case.</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Our validation data shows that the slot-based methodology may overestimate NDT by a factor of up to 2, making the proposed subslot-based methodology much more precise.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18446,"journal":{"name":"MethodsX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"MethodsX","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215016124004187","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Duty cycling is a fundamental mechanism for battery-operated wireless networks, such as wireless sensor networks. Due to its importance, it is an integral part of several Medium Access Protocols and related wireless technologies. In Schedule-based Asynchronous Duty Cycle, nodes activate and deactivate their radio interfaces according to a pre-designed schedule of slots, which guarantees overlapping uptime between two neighbors, independent of the offset between their internal clocks, making communication between them possible. This paper presents a new methodology for evaluating the Neighbor Discovery Time (NDT) of Schedule-based Asynchronous Duty Cycle. Differently from previous methodologies, it accounts for the possibility of the slots in the schedules of the two neighbors not being perfectly border-aligned — an unrealistic assumption in practice. By means of simulation, we show that not taking this under consideration can lead to an overestimate of the NDT by a factor of 2 depending on the particular scenario, thus justifying the importance of our work.
•
We propose a new subslot-based methodology for computing the NDT of a wakeup schedule used for asynchronous duty cycling.
•
It replaces the traditional slot-based methodology, by dividing slots into subslots, allowing for the analysis of non-integer clock offsets between nodes, and further allowing mathematical models to consider the more realistic continuous-time case.
•
Our validation data shows that the slot-based methodology may overestimate NDT by a factor of up to 2, making the proposed subslot-based methodology much more precise.