Drift when applying biocides to control crawling and flying insects on walls

IF 6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Tina Langkamp-Wedde, Dieter von Hörsten, Jens Karl Wegener
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Abstract

Background

Insecticides are sprayed on external building walls for treatments against crawling and flying insects. These applications can lead to drift into non-target areas and thus to undesirable environmental pollution. This emission pathway needs to be considered during exposure assessments within product authorisations to assess potential environmental risks. However, now, there is only one default value for deposition that is used in all calculations based on the Emission Scenario Document of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development at a distance of 50 cm to the treatment area. This is not sufficient for a risk assessment.

Results

When applying a chemical barrier of 50 cm at the bottom of the building wall, wind direction had the greatest influence on drift, while changing the nozzle type had no significant effect. Compared with the measured ground sediments, the OECD default value was deemed to be realistic at a distance of 57 cm from the treatment area. When treating the entire building wall, the wind direction as well as the nozzle used show significant influence on the measured values of drift. The default value for deposition proposed for modelling environmental exposure in OECD document ESD PT18 No. 18 was exceeded. Thus, the exposure estimation might not be protective enough.

Conclusion

Drift values used for the environmental exposure assessment of biocidal products during treatments of building walls should be adapted. This is especially relevant for treatments of entire building walls, where the current default value was exceeded for all distances from the building wall. Wind direction and nozzle type can reduce environmental impact. This finding can be used as a measure to reduce unnecessary exposure in the environment in the future.

使用杀菌剂控制墙壁上的爬虫和飞虫时的漂移
背景在建筑物外墙喷洒杀虫剂,用于防治爬行昆虫和飞虫。这些喷洒会导致杀虫剂漂移到非目标区域,从而造成不良的环境污染。在产品授权的暴露评估中需要考虑这一排放途径,以评估潜在的环境风险。然而,现在只有一个默认的沉积值,所有计算都是根据经济合作与发展组织的排放情景文件进行的,距离处理区域 50 厘米。结果当在建筑物墙壁底部使用 50 厘米的化学屏障时,风向对漂移的影响最大,而改变喷嘴类型则没有明显影响。与测量的地面沉降物相比,在距离处理区 57 厘米处,经合组织的默认值被认为是符合实际情况的。在处理整个建筑物墙面时,风向和使用的喷嘴对漂移的测量值有显著影响。超出了经合组织文件 ESD PT18 第 18 号中提出的用于模拟环境暴露的沉积默认值。因此,暴露估计值可能没有足够的保护作用。结论在对建筑物墙壁进行处理时,应调整用于杀菌剂产品环境暴露评估的漂移值。这一点对于整个建筑墙面的处理尤其重要,因为从建筑墙面开始的所有距离都超过了当前的默认值。风向和喷嘴类型可减少对环境的影响。这一发现可作为今后减少不必要的环境暴露的措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Environmental Sciences Europe
Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution
CiteScore
11.20
自引率
1.70%
发文量
110
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.
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