Clinical characteristics and toxicological spectrum analysis of 493 cases of acute poisoning in children.

IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Chunling Xue, Jingxia Zeng, Wenjing Li
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Abstract

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and toxicological spectrum of acute poisoning in children treated at our pediatric intensive care unit. The findings provide a basis for the treatment and prevention of acute poisoning in children.

Methods: Clinical data of hospitalized children aged 0 to14 years with acute poisoning, treated between January 2015 and December 2023, were collected and analyzed. The analysis included the types of poisoning, sex and age distribution of children, routes and causes of poisoning, time from poisoning to medical consultation, length of hospital stays, and treatment outcomes.

Results: Among the 493 cases of acute poisoning in children, pesticide poisoning (n = 252, 51.1%) was the most common type, followed by medication poisoning (n = 182, 36.9%). Chemical poisoning accounted for 7.7% (n = 38), while food poisoning and inhalation of harmful gases accounted for 3.0% (n = 15) and 1.2% (n = 6), respectively. The main route of poisoning was oral ingestion (n = 477, 96.8%), while accidental ingestion accounted for a large proportion (n = 379, 79.4%), and adolescents aged 11 to 14 years accounted for 20.6% (n = 98).Apart from the predominance of girls attempting suicide by self-administering antipsychotic medications (n = 88, 75.9%) due to depression, there was no significant difference in sex distribution among other types of poisoning children. The highest incidence of poisoning except children who self-administer antipsychotic drugs occurred in children aged 1-3 years (n = 267, 54.2%) and 8-14 years (n = 135, 27.4%), with the highest proportion in the preschool age group. The average time from poisoning to medical consultation was 33.4 ± 54.9 h, and majority of children received treatment within 48 h after poisoning (n = 423, 85.8%). The overall effective treatment rate was 96.8%.

Conclusion: Acute poisoning in children has complex and diverse causes, with accidental ingestion being the main route. Prevention should be emphasized, including strengthening child safety education and improving parental supervision. Moreover, psychological health education is crucial for adolescents during their puberty. In the event of acute poisoning, prompt medical consultation and appropriate treatment are necessary to mitigate adverse outcomes.

493 例儿童急性中毒的临床特征和毒理谱分析。
研究目的这项回顾性研究旨在分析在我院儿科重症监护室接受治疗的儿童急性中毒的临床特征和毒理学谱系。研究结果为治疗和预防儿童急性中毒提供依据:收集并分析2015年1月至2023年12月期间收治的0至14岁急性中毒住院患儿的临床数据。分析内容包括中毒类型、儿童性别和年龄分布、中毒途径和原因、从中毒到就诊的时间、住院时间和治疗结果:在 493 例儿童急性中毒病例中,农药中毒(252 例,51.1%)是最常见的类型,其次是药物中毒(182 例,36.9%)。化学中毒占 7.7%(38 人),食物中毒和吸入有害气体分别占 3.0%(15 人)和 1.2%(6 人)。中毒的主要途径是口服(477人,占96.8%),而误食占很大比例(379人,占79.4%),11至14岁的青少年占20.6%(98人)。除了女孩因抑郁而自行服用抗精神病药物自杀未遂者居多(88人,占75.9%)外,其他类型中毒儿童的性别分布无明显差异。除自行服用抗精神病药物的儿童外,1-3 岁(267 人,54.2%)和 8-14 岁(135 人,27.4%)儿童中毒发生率最高,其中学龄前儿童所占比例最高。从中毒到就诊的平均时间为(33.4 ± 54.9)小时,大多数儿童在中毒后 48 小时内接受了治疗(423 人,85.8%)。总有效治疗率为 96.8%:儿童急性中毒的原因复杂多样,误食是主要途径。结论:儿童急性中毒的原因复杂多样,误食是主要途径,应重视预防,包括加强儿童安全教育和改善家长监护。此外,对处于青春期的青少年进行心理健康教育也至关重要。一旦发生急性中毒,必须及时就医并进行适当治疗,以减轻不良后果。
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来源期刊
BMC Emergency Medicine
BMC Emergency Medicine Medicine-Emergency Medicine
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
8.00%
发文量
178
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Emergency Medicine is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all urgent and emergency aspects of medicine, in both practice and basic research. In addition, the journal covers aspects of disaster medicine and medicine in special locations, such as conflict areas and military medicine, together with articles concerning healthcare services in the emergency departments.
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