Amide/urea-based simple fluorometric receptors for iodide and Hg2+ ions in aqueous medium: Aggregation induced emission and DFT studies.

Suprava Ghosh, Chandi C Malakar, Pallab Pahari, Ananta Kumar Atta
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Abstract

Herein, we report pyrene-tagged amide and urea-based sugar derivatives 1 and 2 in a simple synthetic pathway to recognize I- and Hg2+ ions. Both molecules showed absorbance and fluorescence selectivity towards iodide ions in THF/H2O (7/3, v/v) medium. The selectivity and sensitivity of 2 for iodide ions are superior to 1 due to more H-bond donors in 2. Interestingly, fluorometric receptor 2 exhibited aggregation-induced emission (AIE) at higher pH with a remarkable fluorometric color change. The AIE phenomenon might be explained by the self-association of 2 after forming imine functionality in the alkali medium. The Stern-Volmer plot showed the fluorescence quenching constant of each receptor with an iodide ion and indicated the quenching pathway. The LODs of 1 and 2 for iodide ions were evaluated as 0.84 and 0.17 µM, respectively. The 1:1 binding stoichiometry of 1 or 2 with iodide was found from the Job plot and verified by measuring the complex mass. Further, the complexes of each receptor with I- ions can detect Hg2+ ions selectively by fluorescence turn-on method with low sensitivities (LODs: 0.008 µM for 1 and 0.01 µM for 2). DFT results were used to understand the binding mode of receptors 1 and 2 with iodide ions and the quenching process in the aqueous THF medium. The real application of the receptors was established for the recovery of iodide and Hg2+ ions from natural water samples.

水介质中碘离子和 Hg2+ 离子的酰胺/尿素基简单荧光测定受体:聚合诱导发射和 DFT 研究。
在此,我们以简单的合成途径报告了芘标记的酰胺和脲基糖衍生物 1 和 2,它们可识别 I- 和 Hg2+ 离子。在 THF/H2O (7/3, v/v) 介质中,这两种分子都对碘离子具有吸光度和荧光选择性。有趣的是,荧光受体 2 在较高的 pH 值下表现出聚集诱导发射(AIE),并伴有显著的荧光颜色变化。AIE 现象可能是由于 2 在碱介质中形成亚胺官能团后发生了自结合。Stern-Volmer 图显示了每种受体与碘离子的荧光淬灭常数,并指出了淬灭途径。经评估,1 和 2 与碘离子的 LOD 值分别为 0.84 和 0.17 µM。从约伯图中发现 1 或 2 与碘离子的结合比例为 1:1,并通过测量复合物质量进行了验证。此外,每种受体与 I- 离子的复合物都能通过荧光开启法选择性地检测 Hg2+ 离子,灵敏度较低(LODs:1 为 0.008 µM,2 为 0.01 µM)。DFT 结果用于理解受体 1 和 2 与碘离子的结合模式以及在水性 THF 介质中的淬灭过程。受体的实际应用被确定为从天然水样中回收碘离子和 Hg2+ 离子。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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