Trophic cascades and climate change

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1016/j.fooweb.2024.e00362

William J. Ripple , Danielle N. Whalen , Christopher Wolf , Yuanchun Cao , Jessica Schulte , Sarah Swann , Samuel T. Woodrich , Thomas Newsome , Rhys Cairncross , Aaron J. Wirsing

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Abstract

The widespread loss of top predators and anthropogenic climate change are two major environmental crises with pervasive impacts on ecosystems. Climate-related factors such as temperature changes, altered precipitation patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and shifting wildfire regimes can influence trophic cascades by affecting the composition, physiology, and behavior of species within an ecosystem. These changes can disrupt food web dynamics, leading to shifts in predator-prey relationships, altered species interactions, and potentially unexpected ecological outcomes. With these potential disruptions in mind, we analyzed climate risks to 360 extant large carnivore species. Our results show that 47 of these species are threatened by climate change. We then considered how trophic cascades and climate change are linked, describing mechanisms through which harnessing trophic cascades can facilitate efforts to improve climate resilience and, conversely, how climate change can trigger or affect the strength and direction of trophic cascades. As major drivers of global change, more efforts are needed by people and governments to address climate change and trophic downgrading together, with a focus on co-benefits, including improved ecosystem function and carbon sequestration.

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营养级联与气候变化

顶级捕食者的普遍丧失和人为气候变化是对生态系统产生普遍影响的两大环境危机。与气候相关的因素，如温度变化、降水模式改变、极端天气事件发生频率增加以及野火制度的改变，会影响生态系统中物种的组成、生理和行为，从而影响营养级联。这些变化会扰乱食物网动态，导致捕食者与被捕食者之间的关系发生变化，改变物种间的相互作用，并可能产生意想不到的生态结果。考虑到这些潜在的干扰，我们分析了气候对 360 种现存大型食肉动物的风险。结果显示，其中 47 个物种受到气候变化的威胁。然后，我们考虑了营养级联与气候变化之间的联系，描述了利用营养级联可以促进提高气候适应能力的机制，以及反过来，气候变化如何触发或影响营养级联的强度和方向。作为全球变化的主要驱动因素，人们和政府需要做出更多努力，共同应对气候变化和营养级联退化问题，重点关注共同利益，包括改善生态系统功能和碳固存。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.