Exposure to Smoking as a Predictor of ADHD Subtypes Among Children Within Saudi Arabia: An Observational Study.

IF 2.1 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Tobacco Use Insights Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/1179173X241283765
Abeer Zakariyah, Sulafa Al Qutub, Sereen Kazim, Reman Alharbi, Hams Alharthi, Hadeel Alharbi, Maram Albassami, Mehenaz Hanbazazh, Morooj Mahnashi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Previous studies have found an association between maternal smoking and an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring. However, the prevalence of maternal smoking, secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during pregnancy, and ADHD in children within the Saudi Arabian context is not well-documented.

Objective: To explore the prevalence of maternal smoking and SHS exposure during pregnancy among mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD and investigate exposure to smoking as a predictor of ADHD subtypes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023, using an online questionnaire. The study included 217 parents of children aged 4-17 years diagnosed with ADHD and without a family history of the disorder. Data on sociodemographic determinants, academic achievement, ADHD types, and maternal smoking habits during pregnancy were collected.

Results: Among the mothers surveyed, 6.4% reported smoking during pregnancy, while 41% were exposed to SHS. The study found a predominance of the combined subtype of ADHD among the children. Logistic regression analysis revealed that families with monthly income <10 000 SR were 2.6 times more likely to have a child with inattentive or hyperactive ADHD (P < 0.03). Male gender was associated with a 46% reduced likelihood of these subtypes (P < 0.03). SHS smoking and active exposure to smoking during pregnancy did not show any significant effect on ADHD.

Conclusion: The study found that child gender and family income were significantly associated with the distribution of ADHD subtypes, while maternal smoking and SHS exposure during pregnancy did not show a significant association. The high prevalence of SHS exposure emphasizes the need for increased public health awareness and interventions to promote smoke-free environments during pregnancy.

吸烟是沙特阿拉伯儿童多动症亚型的预测因素:一项观察性研究。
以往的研究发现,母亲吸烟与后代患注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的风险增加有关。然而,在沙特阿拉伯,母亲吸烟、孕期接触二手烟(SHS)以及儿童多动症的发病率并没有得到很好的记录:目的:探讨被诊断为多动症儿童的母亲在怀孕期间吸烟和接触二手烟的普遍程度,并调查吸烟是多动症亚型的预测因素:一项横断面研究于 2022 年 12 月 1 日至 2023 年 2 月 28 日进行,采用在线问卷调查的方式。研究对象包括 217 名被诊断为多动症且无家族史的 4-17 岁儿童的家长。研究收集了有关社会人口学决定因素、学习成绩、多动症类型以及母亲在怀孕期间吸烟习惯的数据:结果:在接受调查的母亲中,6.4%的人表示在怀孕期间吸烟,41%的人接触过可吸入有害气体。研究发现,儿童中以合并亚型多动症为主。逻辑回归分析表明,月收入较高的家庭患多动症的几率比月收入较低的家庭高(P < 0.03)。男性性别与这些亚型的可能性降低46%有关(P < 0.03)。吸食 SHS 和孕期主动吸烟对多动症没有明显影响:研究发现,儿童性别和家庭收入与多动症亚型的分布有显著相关性,而母亲吸烟和怀孕期间接触 SHS 并无显著相关性。接触可吸入有害气体的高流行率强调了提高公共卫生意识和采取干预措施促进孕期无烟环境的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Tobacco Use Insights
Tobacco Use Insights PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
自引率
4.50%
发文量
32
审稿时长
8 weeks
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