Small Airways Dysfunction and Lung Hyperinflation in Long COVID-19 Patients as Potential Mechanisms of Persistent Dyspnoea.

IF 1.8 Q3 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Advances in respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI:10.3390/arm92050031

Angelos Vontetsianos, Nikolaos Chynkiamis, Christina Anagnostopoulou, Christiana Lekka, Stavrina Zaneli, Nektarios Anagnostopoulos, Nikoleta Rovina, Christos F Kampolis, Andriana I Papaioannou, Georgios Kaltsakas, Ioannis Vogiatzis, Grigorios Stratakos, Petros Bakakos, Nikolaos Koulouris

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Reticulation, ground glass opacities and post-infection bronchiectasis are present three months following hospitalisation in patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with the severity of acute infection. However, scarce data exist on small airways impairment and lung hyperinflation in patients with long COVID-19.

Aim: To evaluate small airways function and lung hyperinflation in previously hospitalised patients with long COVID-19 and their association with post-COVID-19 breathlessness.

Methods: In total, 33 patients (mean ± SD, 53 ± 11 years) with long COVID-19 were recruited 149 ± 90 days following hospital discharge. Pulmonary function tests were performed and lung hyperinflation was defined as RV/TLC ≥ 40%. Small airways function was evaluated by measuring the closing volume (CV) and closing capacity (CC) using the single-breath nitrogen washout technique (SBN₂W).

Results: CC was 115 ± 28% pred. and open capacity (OC) was 90 ± 19. CC was abnormal in 13 patients (39%), CV in 2 patients (6.1%) and OC in 9 patients (27%). Lung hyperinflation was present in 15 patients, whilst the mean mMRC score was 2.2 ± 1.0. Lung hyperinflation was associated with CC (r = 0.772, p = 0.001), OC (r = 0.895, p = 0.001) and mMRC (r = 0.444, p = 0.010).

Conclusions: Long COVID-19 patients present with small airways dysfunction and lung hyperinflation, which is associated with persistent dyspnoea, following hospitalisation.

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长 COVID-19 患者的小气道功能障碍和肺过度膨胀是持续性呼吸困难的潜在机制。

背景：感染 SARS-CoV-2 的患者在住院三个月后会出现网状结构、磨玻璃不透明和感染后支气管扩张，这与急性感染的严重程度有关。目的：评估曾住院的长 COVID-19 患者的小气道功能和肺过度充气情况及其与 COVID-19 后呼吸困难的关系：共招募了 33 名长 COVID-19 患者（平均 ± SD，53 ± 11 岁），出院后 149 ± 90 天。进行肺功能测试，肺过度充气定义为 RV/TLC ≥ 40%。使用单次呼吸氮气冲洗技术（SBN2W）测量闭合容积（CV）和闭合容量（CC），评估小气道功能：结果：CC 为预测值的 115 ± 28%，开放容量 (OC) 为 90 ± 19。13名患者（39%）的CC异常，2名患者（6.1%）的CV异常，9名患者（27%）的OC异常。15 名患者存在肺过度充气，而平均 mMRC 评分为 2.2 ± 1.0。肺过度充气与 CC（r = 0.772，p = 0.001）、OC（r = 0.895，p = 0.001）和 mMRC（r = 0.444，p = 0.010）相关：结论：COVID-19 长程患者住院后会出现小气道功能障碍和肺过度充气，并伴有持续性呼吸困难。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in respiratory medicine RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-

CiteScore

2.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： "Advances in Respiratory Medicine" is a new international title for "Pneumonologia i Alergologia Polska", edited bimonthly and addressed to respiratory professionals. The Journal contains peer-reviewed original research papers, short communications, case-reports, recommendations of the Polish Respiratory Society concerning the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases, editorials, postgraduate education articles, letters and book reviews in the field of pneumonology, allergology, oncology, immunology and infectious diseases. "Advances in Respiratory Medicine" is an open access, official journal of Polish Society of Lung Diseases, Polish Society of Allergology and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases.