A General Metal Acetate-Assisted Alcohol Thermal Strategy to Fabricate Flexible Carbon Nanofiber Film for Supercapacitor

IF 6.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI:10.1039/d4qi02004a

Wei Song, Kaixuan Wang, Xiao Lian, Fangcai Zheng, Chunyan Xu, Helin Niu

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Abstract

Flexible carbon nanofiber film (CNF) has drawn tremendous attention recently due to their fascinating properties. However, CNF prepared by conventional methods is fragile and easily broken. Therefore, a general approach for synthesizing flexible CNF is urgently needed. Herein, we report a metal acetate-assisted alcohol thermal (MAA) method for the preparation of flexible CNF. The MAA is a general and scalable method which can overcome the shortcomings of the pre-oxidation method, and more than 15 different flexible CNFs are successfully prepared. In this method, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) film is first prepared through an electrostatic spinning process, and then cyclized polyacrylonitrile (CPAN) film with high-temperature-resistant trapezoidal structure is formed after MAA treatment. The unique structure of CPAN will help in maintaining its flexibility to produce flexible CNF during carbonization at elevated temperature. To explore their potential in flexible devices, a supercapacitor made of flexible CNF-Zn is investigated, it shows an energy density of 11.5 Wh kg-1 at 500 W kg-1, and has a capacitance retention rate of 97.2% even after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. Our findings demonstrate that the MAA method could not only prepare flexible CNF for energy storage devices, and it also has potential application prospects in other fields.

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制造用于超级电容器的柔性碳纳米纤维膜的通用金属醋酸盐辅助醇热策略

柔性碳纳米纤维薄膜（CNF）因其迷人的特性最近引起了广泛关注。然而，用传统方法制备的柔性碳纳米纤维易碎、易破损。因此，合成柔性 CNF 迫切需要一种通用方法。在此，我们报告了一种制备柔性 CNF 的金属醋酸盐辅助醇热 (MAA) 方法。MAA 是一种通用的、可扩展的方法，它克服了预氧化法的缺点，成功制备了超过 15 种不同的柔性 CNF。在该方法中，首先通过静电纺丝工艺制备聚丙烯腈（PAN）薄膜，然后经过 MAA 处理形成具有耐高温梯形结构的环化聚丙烯腈（CPAN）薄膜。CPAN 的独特结构有助于在高温碳化过程中保持其柔韧性，从而生产出柔性 CNF。为了探索柔性 CNF 在柔性设备中的应用潜力，我们研究了一种由柔性 CNF-Zn 制成的超级电容器，该电容器在 500 W kg-1 的条件下能量密度为 11.5 Wh kg-1，即使经过 10,000 次充放电循环，电容保持率仍高达 97.2%。我们的研究结果表明，MAA 方法不仅可以制备用于储能设备的柔性 CNF，而且在其他领域也有潜在的应用前景。

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