Effective removal of global tilt from atomically-resolved topography images of vicinal surfaces with narrow terraces

Abstract

The main feature of vicinal surfaces of crystals characterized by the Miller indices $\left(hhm\right)$ is rather small width (less than 10 nm) and substantially large length (more than 200 nm) of atomically-flat terraces. This makes difficult to apply standard methods of image processing and correct visualization of crystalline lattices at the terraces and multiatomic steps. Here we consider two procedures allowing us to minimize effects of both small-scale noise and global tilt of sample: (i) analysis of the difference of two Gaussian blurred images, and (ii) subtraction of the plane, whose parameters are determined by optimization of the histogram of the visible heights, from raw topography image. It is shown that both methods provide nondistorted images demonstrating atomic structures on vicinal Si(5 5 6) and Si(5 5 7) surfaces.