Jinghui Liu, Tom Burkart, Alexander Ziepke, John Reinhard, Yu-Chen Chao, Tzer Han Tan, S. Zachary Swartz, Erwin Frey, Nikta Fakhri
{"title":"Light-induced cortical excitability reveals programmable shape dynamics in starfish oocytes","authors":"Jinghui Liu, Tom Burkart, Alexander Ziepke, John Reinhard, Yu-Chen Chao, Tzer Han Tan, S. Zachary Swartz, Erwin Frey, Nikta Fakhri","doi":"arxiv-2409.08651","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Chemo-mechanical waves on active deformable surfaces are a key component for\nmany vital cellular functions. In particular, these waves play a major role in\nforce generation and long-range signal transmission in cells that dynamically\nchange shape, as encountered during cell division or morphogenesis.\nReconstituting and controlling such chemically controlled cell deformations is\na crucial but unsolved challenge for the development of synthetic cells. Here,\nwe develop an optogenetic method to elucidate the mechanism responsible for\ncoordinating surface contraction waves that occur in oocytes of the starfish\nPatiria miniata during meiotic cell division. Using spatiotemporally-patterned\nlight stimuli as a control input, we create chemo-mechanical cortical\nexcitations that are decoupled from meiotic cues and drive diverse shape\ndeformations ranging from local pinching to surface contraction waves and cell\nlysis. We develop a quantitative model that entails the hierarchy of chemical\nand mechanical dynamics, which allows to relate the variety of mechanical\nresponses to optogenetic stimuli. Our framework systematically predicts and\nexplains transitions of programmed shape dynamics. Finally, we qualitatively\nmap the observed shape dynamics to elucidate how the versatility of\nintracellular protein dynamics can give rise to a broad range of mechanical\nphenomenologies. More broadly, our results pave the way toward real-time\ncontrol over dynamical deformations in living organisms and can advance the\ndesign of synthetic cells and life-like cellular functions.","PeriodicalId":501040,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Biological Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"arXiv - PHYS - Biological Physics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.08651","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Chemo-mechanical waves on active deformable surfaces are a key component for
many vital cellular functions. In particular, these waves play a major role in
force generation and long-range signal transmission in cells that dynamically
change shape, as encountered during cell division or morphogenesis.
Reconstituting and controlling such chemically controlled cell deformations is
a crucial but unsolved challenge for the development of synthetic cells. Here,
we develop an optogenetic method to elucidate the mechanism responsible for
coordinating surface contraction waves that occur in oocytes of the starfish
Patiria miniata during meiotic cell division. Using spatiotemporally-patterned
light stimuli as a control input, we create chemo-mechanical cortical
excitations that are decoupled from meiotic cues and drive diverse shape
deformations ranging from local pinching to surface contraction waves and cell
lysis. We develop a quantitative model that entails the hierarchy of chemical
and mechanical dynamics, which allows to relate the variety of mechanical
responses to optogenetic stimuli. Our framework systematically predicts and
explains transitions of programmed shape dynamics. Finally, we qualitatively
map the observed shape dynamics to elucidate how the versatility of
intracellular protein dynamics can give rise to a broad range of mechanical
phenomenologies. More broadly, our results pave the way toward real-time
control over dynamical deformations in living organisms and can advance the
design of synthetic cells and life-like cellular functions.