Frontiers | Ore genesis of the Chazangcuo Cu-Pb-Zn deposit in Tibet: Evidence from mineralogy, fluid inclusions, S-Pb isotopes, and elemental geochemistry

IF 2 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Earth Science Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.3389/feart.2024.1420043

Yan Li, Jianguo Wang, Zezhang Yu, Shengyun Wei, Haidong Ren, Ming Ma, Zhinan Wang, Jian Hu

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Abstract

The Chazangcuo copper-lead-zinc deposit (hereafter referred to as the Chazangcuo deposit) is situated in the northern portion of the western section of the Gangdese polymetallic metallogenic belt in Tibet, with ore bodies strictly governed by Linzizong Group magmatic rocks and EW-trending faults. This study aims to ascertain the mineralization periods, sources of ore-forming materials, metallogenic physicochemical conditions, and genesis of this deposit. Based on comprehensive field geological surveys, sampling, and microscopic examination of petrological and mineralogical characteristics, we perform qualitative and quantitative geochemical analyses of major elements, trace elements, and rare earth elements (REEs), fluid inclusions, and sulfur and lead isotopes. The findings reveal that the mineralization process of the Chazangcuo deposit can be divided into three periods and four stages: the magmatic-hydrothermal, hydrothermal, and supergene mineralization periods sequentially, which consist of the mineralization stages of quartz-pyrite-sphalerite, medium-low-temperature hydrothermal sulfides, chlorite-carbonate minerals, and supergene oxidation in a chronological order. The ore-forming fluids prove to be medium-low-temperature low-density fluids, and the ore-forming materials are characteristic of upper crustal-derived materials. The ore-forming environment is a medium-low mineralization temperature, a shallow and weakly reducing environment. Overall, the Chazangcuo deposit is identified as a medium-low-temperature magmatic-hydrothermal deposit. The metallogenic model has the vertical zoning characteristics of lead-zinc in the upper part and copper in the lower part.

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前沿 | 西藏查藏错铜铅锌矿床的矿石成因：矿物学、流体包裹体、S-铅同位素和元素地球化学证据

查藏错铜铅锌矿床（以下简称 "查藏错矿床"）位于西藏冈底斯多金属成矿带西段北侧，矿体严格受林芝宗组岩浆岩和EW向断层的制约。本研究旨在查明该矿床的成矿期、成矿物质来源、成矿理化条件和成因。在全面的野外地质调查、取样、岩石学和矿物学特征显微镜检查的基础上，我们对主要元素、微量元素、稀土元素（REEs）、流体包裹体、硫和铅同位素进行了定性和定量地球化学分析。研究结果表明，查藏错矿床的成矿过程可分为三个时期和四个阶段：岩浆-热液成矿期、热液成矿期和超成矿期，按时间顺序依次为石英-黄铁矿-闪锌矿、中低温热液硫化物、绿泥石-碳酸盐矿物和超氧化成矿期。成矿流体为中低温低密度流体，成矿物质为上地壳衍生物质。成矿环境为中低成矿温度、浅层弱还原环境。总体而言，查藏错矿床被确定为中低温岩浆热液矿床。成矿模式具有上部为铅锌、下部为铜的垂直分带特征。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Earth Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

10.30%

发文量

2076

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Earth Science is an open-access journal that aims to bring together and publish on a single platform the best research dedicated to our planet. This platform hosts the rapidly growing and continuously expanding domains in Earth Science, involving the lithosphere (including the geosciences spectrum), the hydrosphere (including marine geosciences and hydrology, complementing the existing Frontiers journal on Marine Science) and the atmosphere (including meteorology and climatology). As such, Frontiers in Earth Science focuses on the countless processes operating within and among the major spheres constituting our planet. In turn, the understanding of these processes provides the theoretical background to better use the available resources and to face the major environmental challenges (including earthquakes, tsunamis, eruptions, floods, landslides, climate changes, extreme meteorological events): this is where interdependent processes meet, requiring a holistic view to better live on and with our planet. The journal welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of Earth Science. The open-access model developed by Frontiers offers a fast, efficient, timely and dynamic alternative to traditional publication formats. The journal has 20 specialty sections at the first tier, each acting as an independent journal with a full editorial board. The traditional peer-review process is adapted to guarantee fairness and efficiency using a thorough paperless process, with real-time author-reviewer-editor interactions, collaborative reviewer mandates to maximize quality, and reviewer disclosure after article acceptance. While maintaining a rigorous peer-review, this system allows for a process whereby accepted articles are published online on average 90 days after submission. General Commentary articles as well as Book Reviews in Frontiers in Earth Science are only accepted upon invitation.