Uncrewed surface vehicles (USVs) as platforms for fisheries and plankton acoustics

IF 3.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

ICES Journal of Marine Science Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1093/icesjms/fsae130

Nils Olav Handegard, Alex De Robertis, Arne Johannes Holmin, Espen Johnsen, Joshua Lawrence, Naig Le Bouffant, Richard O'Driscoll, David Peddie, Geir Pedersen, Pierre Priou, Rabea Rogge, Mikal Samuelsen, David A Demer

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Uncrewed surface vehicles (USVs) equipped with echosounders have the potential to replace or enhance acoustic observations from conventional research vessels (RVs), increase spatial and temporal coverage, and reduce cost and carbon emission. We discuss the objectives, system requirements, infrastructure, and regulations for using USVs with echosounders to conduct ecological experiments, acoustic-trawl surveys, and long-term monitoring. We present four example applications of USVs with lengths <8 m, and highlight some advantages and disadvantages relative to RV-based data acquisitions. Sail-driven USVs operate continuously for months and are more mature than motorized USVs, but they are slower. To maintain the pace of an RV, multiple sail-powered USVs sample in coordination. In comparison, motorized USVs can travel as fast as RVs and therefore may facilitate a combined survey, interleaving USV and RV transects, with RV-based biological sampling. Important considerations for all USVs include platform design, noise and transducer motion mitigation, communications and operations infrastructure, onboard data processing, biological sampling approach, and legal requirements. This technology is evolving and applied in multiple disciplines, but further development and institutional commitment are needed to allow USVs equipped with echosounders to become ubiquitous and useful components of a worldwide network of autonomous ocean observation platforms.

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作为渔业和浮游生物声学平台的无螺旋桨水面飞行器（USV

配备回声探测仪的无螺旋桨水面航行器（USV）有可能取代或加强传统研究船（RV）的声学观测，扩大空间和时间覆盖范围，降低成本和碳排放。我们讨论了使用配备回声探测仪的 USV 进行生态实验、声学拖网调查和长期监测的目标、系统要求、基础设施和法规。我们介绍了长度为 8 米的 USV 的四个应用实例，并强调了与基于 RV 的数据采集相比的一些优缺点。风帆驱动的 USV 可连续工作数月，比机动 USV 更加成熟，但速度较慢。为了保持 RV 的速度，需要多艘风帆驱动 USV 协同采样。相比之下，机动 USV 的航行速度与遥控潜水器不相上下，因此可能有助于开展联合调查，将 USV 和遥控潜水器横断面交错进行，并以遥控潜水器为基础进行生物采样。所有 USV 的重要考虑因素包括平台设计、噪音和传感器运动减缓、通信和操作基础设施、机载数据处理、生物采样方法和法律要求。这项技术正在不断发展并应用于多个学科，但还需要进一步的发展和机构承诺，才能使配备回声测深仪的 USV 成为全球自主海洋观测平台网络中无处不在的有用组成部分。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ICES Journal of Marine Science 农林科学-海洋学

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

207

审稿时长

6-16 weeks

期刊介绍： The ICES Journal of Marine Science publishes original articles, opinion essays (“Food for Thought”), visions for the future (“Quo Vadimus”), and critical reviews that contribute to our scientific understanding of marine systems and the impact of human activities on them. The Journal also serves as a foundation for scientific advice across the broad spectrum of management and conservation issues related to the marine environment. Oceanography (e.g. productivity-determining processes), marine habitats, living resources, and related topics constitute the key elements of papers considered for publication. This includes economic, social, and public administration studies to the extent that they are directly related to management of the seas and are of general interest to marine scientists. Integrated studies that bridge gaps between traditional disciplines are particularly welcome.