A new high-resolution Coastal Ice-Ocean Prediction System for the East Coast of Canada

IF 2.2 3区 地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY
Jean-Philippe Paquin, François Roy, Gregory C. Smith, Sarah MacDermid, Ji Lei, Frédéric Dupont, Youyu Lu, Stephanne Taylor, Simon St-Onge-Drouin, Hauke Blanken, Michael Dunphy, Nancy Soontiens
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Coastal Ice Ocean Prediction System for the East Coast of Canada (CIOPS-E) was developed and implemented operationally at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to support a variety of critical marine applications. These include support for ice services, search and rescue, environmental emergency response and maritime safety. CIOPS-E uses a 1/36° horizontal grid (~ 2 km) to simulate sea ice and ocean conditions over the northwest Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL). Forcing at lateral open boundaries is taken from ECCC’s data assimilative Regional Ice-Ocean Prediction System (RIOPS). A spectral nudging method is applied offshore to keep mesoscale features consistent with RIOPS. Over the continental shelf and GSL, the CIOPS-E solution is free to evolve according to the model dynamics. Overall, CIOPS-E significantly improves the representation of tidal and sub-tidal water levels compared to ECCC’s lower resolution systems: RIOPS (~ 6 km) and the Regional Marine Prediction System – GSL (RMPS-GSL, 5 km). Improvements in the GSL are due to the higher resolution and a better representation of bathymetry, boundary forcing and dynamics in the upper St. Lawrence Estuary. Sea surface temperatures show persistent summertime cold bias, larger in CIOPS-E than in RIOPS, as the latter is constrained by observations. The seasonal cycle of sea ice extent and volume, unconstrained in CIOPS-E, compares well with observational estimates, RIOPS and RMPS-GSL. A greater number of fine-scale features are found in CIOPS-E with narrow leads and more intense ice convergence zones, compared to both RIOPS and RMPS-GSL.

Abstract Image

加拿大东海岸新的高分辨率沿海冰洋预报系统
加拿大东海岸沿海冰海预报系统(CIOPS-E)由加拿大环境和气候变化部(ECCC)开发并投入运行,以支持各种关键的海洋应用。这些应用包括支持冰上服务、搜救、环境应急响应和海上安全。CIOPS-E 使用 1/36° 水平网格(约 2 公里)来模拟大西洋西北部和圣劳伦斯湾(GSL)的海冰和海洋状况。横向开放边界的强迫取自 ECCC 的数据同化区域冰海预报系统 (RIOPS)。在近海应用了频谱推移方法,使中尺度特征与 RIOPS 保持一致。在大陆架和 GSL 上,CIOPS-E 解决方案可根据模式动态自由演变。总体而言,与 ECCC 的低分辨率系统相比,CIOPS-E 显著提高了潮汐和潮下水位的代表性:RIOPS(约 6 千米)和区域海洋预报系统--GSL(RMPS-GSL,5 千米)。GSL 的改进是由于分辨率更高,更好地反映了圣劳伦斯河口上游的水深、边界强迫和动态变化。海面温度显示出持续的夏季低温偏差,CIOPS-E 中的偏差大于 RIOPS 中的偏差,因为后者受到观测数据的限制。海冰范围和数量的季节周期在 CIOPS-E 中没有受到约束,但与观测估计值、RIOPS 和 RMPS-GSL 相比,CIOPS-E 的结果很好。与 RIOPS 和 RMPS-GSL 相比,CIOPS-E 中发现了更多的细尺度特征,具有更窄的导线和更密集的冰汇聚区。
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来源期刊
Ocean Dynamics
Ocean Dynamics 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Ocean Dynamics is an international journal that aims to publish high-quality peer-reviewed articles in the following areas of research: Theoretical oceanography (new theoretical concepts that further system understanding with a strong view to applicability for operational or monitoring purposes); Computational oceanography (all aspects of ocean modeling and data analysis); Observational oceanography (new techniques or systematic approaches in measuring oceanic variables, including all aspects of monitoring the state of the ocean); Articles with an interdisciplinary character that encompass research in the fields of biological, chemical and physical oceanography are especially encouraged.
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