Molecular characteristics of apple dimple fruit viroid isolates from different apple cultivars in Iran

IF 2.2 4区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Plant Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI:10.1007/s42161-024-01759-0

Fahimeh Amirnia, Mohammad Hajizadeh

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Abstract

Apple dimple fruit viroid (ADFVd) causes severe fruit disorder with significant economic losses in several apple cultivars. During 2020–2022, 137 leaf samples of apple trees showing round and depressed green spots, color dappling, scarring, and distortion of fruits, and others without symptoms, were collected in the west (Hamadan, Kermanshah, and Kurdistan provinces) and northwest (Ardabil, East, and West Azerbaijan provinces) of Iran. ADFVd was detected by RT-PCR in 72.3% of the tested samples, including a significant number showing no symptoms. Nine isolates were sequenced and showed minimal differences from each other and 75.9–100% nucleotide identities with ADFVd variants previously reported in GenBank. In phylogenetic analysis, Iranian isolates were placed in the cluster consisting of all ADFVd isolates originating from apples except those from Japan. The Iranian isolates were distinct from those reported in apples in China, Japan, Spain, Türkiye, and in fig in Italy, but were not differentiated from isolates in apples in Italy, showing that they probably have a common origin.

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伊朗不同苹果栽培品种中苹果凹陷果实病毒分离物的分子特征

苹果凹陷果实病毒病（ADFVd）会导致果实严重失调，给多个苹果品种造成重大经济损失。2020-2022 年期间，在伊朗西部（哈马丹省、克尔曼沙阿省和库尔德斯坦省）和西北部（阿尔达比勒省、东阿塞拜疆省和西阿塞拜疆省）收集了 137 份苹果树叶片样本，这些样本显示出圆形和凹陷的绿色斑点、颜色斑驳、疤痕和果实变形，其他样本则没有症状。在 72.3% 的检测样本中，通过 RT-PCR 检测到了 ADFVd，其中包括大量未出现症状的样本。对 9 个分离株进行了测序，结果表明它们之间的差异极小，与 GenBank 中之前报告的 ADFVd 变异株的核苷酸相同度为 75.9%-100%。在系统进化分析中，伊朗的分离物被归入由来自苹果（日本除外）的所有 ADFVd 分离物组成的群组。伊朗的分离物与中国、日本、西班牙、土耳其和意大利无花果中的分离物不同，但与意大利苹果中的分离物没有区别，这表明它们可能具有共同的起源。

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来源期刊

Journal of Plant Pathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

4.50%

发文量

218

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Plant Pathology (JPP or JPPY) is the main publication of the Italian Society of Plant Pathology (SiPAV), and publishes original contributions in the form of full-length papers, short communications, disease notes, and review articles on mycology, bacteriology, virology, phytoplasmatology, physiological plant pathology, plant-pathogeninteractions, post-harvest diseases, non-infectious diseases, and plant protection. In vivo results are required for plant protection submissions. Varietal trials for disease resistance and gene mapping are not published in the journal unless such findings are already employed in the context of strategic approaches for disease management. However, studies identifying actual genes involved in virulence are pertinent to thescope of the Journal and may be submitted. The journal highlights particularly timely or novel contributions in its Editors’ choice section, to appear at the beginning of each volume. Surveys for diseases or pathogens should be submitted as "Short communications".