Food for fish: Challenges and opportunities for quantifying foodscapes in river networks

WIREs Water Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1002/wat2.1752
Valerie Ouellet, Aimee H. Fullerton, Matt Kaylor, Sean Naman, Ryan Bellmore, Jordan Rosenfeld, Gabriel Rossi, Seth White, Suzanne Rhoades, David A. Beauchamp, Martin Liermann, Peter Kiffney, Beth Sanderson
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Abstract

Riverine fishes face many challenges including habitat degradation and climate change, which alter the productivity of the riverscapes in which fish live, reproduce, and feed. Understanding the watershed portfolio of foraging and growth opportunities that sustain productive and resilient fish populations is important for prioritizing conservation and restoration. However, the spatiotemporal distribution and availability of fish food are poorly understood relative to other factors such as abiotic habitat quantity and quality (e.g., water temperature). In this paper, we build on the concept of “foodscapes,” and describe three components of food for fish, including abundance, accessibility, and quality. We then discuss methodological advances to help address three key questions: (1) Why is food availability hard to estimate? (2) What are the consequences of uncertainty in food availability estimates? and (3) What approaches are available or emerging for quantifying food available to fish? To address the first question, we characterize data acquisition and analytical challenges; for the second, we demonstrate the importance of evaluating and communicating potential consequences of uncertainty; and for the third, we posit opportunities for future work. Collectively, we highlight the need for greater appreciation of the role food plays in stream fish conservation, especially given its critical influence on responses to warming temperatures.This article is categorized under: Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness Water and Life > Methods
鱼类的食物:量化河网食物景观的挑战与机遇
河流鱼类面临着许多挑战,包括栖息地退化和气候变化,这些都改变了鱼类生活、繁殖和觅食的河流景观的生产力。了解流域内维持鱼类种群高产和恢复能力的觅食和生长机会组合,对于确定保护和恢复的优先次序非常重要。然而,相对于非生物栖息地的数量和质量(如水温)等其他因素,人们对鱼类食物的时空分布和可用性知之甚少。在本文中,我们以 "食物景观 "的概念为基础,描述了鱼类食物的三个组成部分,包括丰度、可及性和质量。然后,我们讨论了方法上的进步,以帮助解决三个关键问题:(1)为什么食物的可获得性难以估计?(2) 食物可获得性估算的不确定性会带来什么后果? (3) 有哪些方法或正在出现的方法可量化鱼类可获得的食物?针对第一个问题,我们描述了数据获取和分析方面的挑战;针对第二个问题,我们展示了评估和交流不确定性潜在后果的重要性;针对第三个问题,我们提出了未来工作的机遇。总之,我们强调有必要进一步认识食物在溪流鱼类保护中的作用,特别是考虑到食物对温度变暖的反应的关键影响:水与生命 > 淡水生态系统的性质 水与生命 > 保护、管理和认识 水与生命 > 方法
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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