eDNA metabarcoding captures a decline of coral diversity at Taiping Island after an outbreak of Crown-of-Thorns starfish

IF 2.7 2区 生物学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
M. Aravinda Kishan Peiris, Shang-Yin Vanson Liu, Joseph D. DiBattista, Michael Bunce, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Kang-Ning Shen, Chih-Wei Chang
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Abstract

Coral reefs are known to be one of the most diverse marine ecosystems on earth. However, these important ecosystems are heavily stressed by natural and anthropogenic activities. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is an innovative approach that can provide a greater diversity of taxonomic detections, non-invasive sampling, and a lower field component cost than traditional biomonitoring methods. Taiping Island (Itu Aba Island) is one of the major coral reef islands situated in the South China Sea where underwater visual surveys documented an outbreak of Crown-of-Thorns starfish (COTS) in 2021. In our study, we used eDNA metabarcoding to investigate whether there were shifts in coral communities by comparing pre- and post-COTS outbreak communities. One metabarcoding assay targeting the 18S gene and two assays targeting the ITS2 region (one of these assays specifically targeting Acroporid corals) were applied to 42 seawater samples collected in 2019 and 2021 from 12 sites around Taiping Island. Based on these three metabarcoding assays, 52 unique hard coral species were identified, corresponding to a total of 51 species in 2019 and 26 species in 2021. Our results indicated a significant decline in coral diversity but an increase in sponge diversity from the phylum porifera at Taiping Island in 2021. We suggest that these faunal shifts may be due to active feeding and disturbance of COTS at outbreak proportions that result in habitat changes. Our findings also suggest that eDNA can continue to serve as a promising tool to monitor the change in coral as well as reef-associated taxa during devastating outbreak events.

Abstract Image

eDNA 代谢标定捕捉到太平岛爆发冠海星疫情后珊瑚多样性减少的情况
众所周知,珊瑚礁是地球上最多样化的海洋生态系统之一。然而,这些重要的生态系统受到自然和人为活动的严重影响。与传统的生物监测方法相比,环境 DNA(eDNA)元条码是一种创新方法,可提供更多样化的分类检测、非侵入性采样以及更低的现场成本。太平岛(伊图阿巴岛)是位于中国南海的主要珊瑚礁岛屿之一,根据水下目测记录,该岛在 2021 年曾爆发过皇冠海星(COTS)疫情。在我们的研究中,我们利用 eDNA 代谢编码技术,通过比较 COTS 爆发前和爆发后的珊瑚群落,研究珊瑚群落是否发生了变化。我们对 2019 年和 2021 年从太平岛周围 12 个地点采集的 42 份海水样本进行了一项针对 18S 基因的代谢编码检测和两项针对 ITS2 区域的检测(其中一项检测专门针对 Acroporid 珊瑚)。根据这三种代谢编码检测方法,确定了 52 个独特的硬珊瑚物种,相当于 2019 年的 51 个物种和 2021 年的 26 个物种。我们的研究结果表明,2021 年太平岛的珊瑚多样性显著下降,但孔雀石门的海绵多样性有所增加。我们认为,这些动物群落的变化可能是由于 COTS 的主动觅食和干扰爆发,导致栖息地发生变化。我们的研究结果还表明,eDNA 可以继续作为一种有前途的工具,用于监测破坏性疫情爆发期间珊瑚及珊瑚礁相关类群的变化。
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来源期刊
Coral Reefs
Coral Reefs 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
11.40%
发文量
111
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Coral Reefs, the Journal of the International Coral Reef Society, presents multidisciplinary literature across the broad fields of reef studies, publishing analytical and theoretical papers on both modern and ancient reefs. These encourage the search for theories about reef structure and dynamics, and the use of experimentation, modeling, quantification and the applied sciences. Coverage includes such subject areas as population dynamics; community ecology of reef organisms; energy and nutrient flows; biogeochemical cycles; physiology of calcification; reef responses to natural and anthropogenic influences; stress markers in reef organisms; behavioural ecology; sedimentology; diagenesis; reef structure and morphology; evolutionary ecology of the reef biota; palaeoceanography of coral reefs and coral islands; reef management and its underlying disciplines; molecular biology and genetics of coral; aetiology of disease in reef-related organisms; reef responses to global change, and more.
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