Cohort profile: The Camden Study - a pregnancy cohort study of pregnancy complications and birth outcomes in Camden, New Jersey, USA

Stephanie Shiau, Xinhua Chen, Ayana April-Sanders, Ellen C Francis, Shristi Rawal, Megan Hansel, Kehinde Adeyemi, Zorimar Rivera-Nunez, Emily S Barrett
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Abstract

Background. Pregnancy is a unique stage of the life course characterized by trade-offs between the nutritional, immune, and metabolic needs of the mother and fetus. The Camden Study was originally initiated to examine nutritional status, growth, and birth outcomes in adolescent pregnancies and expanded to study dietary and molecular predictors of pregnancy complications and birth outcomes in young women. Methods. From 1985-2006, 4765 pregnant participants aged 12 years and older were recruited from Camden, NJ, one of the poorest cities in the U.S. The cohort reflects a population under-represented in perinatal cohort studies (45% Hispanic, 38% non-Hispanic Black, 17% White participants; 98% using Medicaid in pregnancy). Study visits, including questionnaires, dietary assessments, and biospecimen collection, occurred in early and late pregnancy as well as at delivery. Medical records were abstracted, and a subset of mothers and infants participated in a six-week postpartum visit. Results. Over the last five decades, the Camden Study has provided data toward the publication of numerous peer-reviewed papers. Results show that adolescent linear growth in pregnancy is associated with smaller birth size, possibly due to impaired hemodynamics. In the context of preterm birth and other perinatal outcomes, analyses of nutritional data have demonstrated the importance of micronutrients (e.g., folate, iron, zinc), as well as glucose/insulin dynamics and prenatal supplement use. More recent analyses have begun to unpack the biochemical pathways in pregnancy that may be shaped by race as an indicator for systemic racism. Conclusions. The Camden Study data and biorepositories are well-positioned to support future research aimed at better understanding perinatal health in under-represented women and infants. Linkages to subsequent health and administrative records and the potential for recontacting participants over 18-39 years after initial participation may provide key insights into the trajectories of maternal and child health across the life course.
队列概况:卡姆登研究--美国新泽西州卡姆登市妊娠并发症和分娩结局队列研究
背景。怀孕是生命过程中的一个特殊阶段,其特点是母亲和胎儿的营养、免疫和代谢需求之间的权衡。卡姆登研究(Camden Study)最初是为了研究青少年怀孕期间的营养状况、发育和分娩结果,后来扩展到研究年轻女性妊娠并发症和分娩结果的饮食和分子预测因素。研究方法从 1985 年到 2006 年,该研究从新泽西州卡姆登市招募了 4765 名 12 岁及以上的孕妇,卡姆登市是美国最贫穷的城市之一。该队列反映了围产期队列研究中代表性不足的人群(45% 的参与者为西班牙裔,38% 为非西班牙裔黑人,17% 为白人;98% 的参与者在怀孕期间使用医疗补助计划)。研究访问包括问卷调查、饮食评估和生物样本采集,在孕早期、孕晚期和分娩时进行。对医疗记录进行了摘录,一部分母亲和婴儿参加了为期六周的产后访视。结果在过去的五十年中,卡姆登研究为发表大量同行评审论文提供了数据。研究结果表明,孕期青春期线性生长与较小的出生体型有关,这可能是由于血液动力学受损所致。在早产和其他围产期结果方面,对营养数据的分析表明了微量营养素(如叶酸、铁、锌)以及葡萄糖/胰岛素动态和产前补充剂使用的重要性。最近的分析已开始揭示可能受种族影响的孕期生化途径,以此作为系统性种族主义的指标。结论。卡姆登研究 "的数据和生物库完全有能力支持未来的研究,以便更好地了解代表性不足的妇女和婴儿的围产期健康状况。与后续健康和行政记录的联系,以及在首次参与后 18-39 年内重新联系参与者的可能性,可为了解整个生命过程中的母婴健康轨迹提供重要信息。
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