Influence of Organic Loading Rates on the Treatment Performance of Membrane Bioreactors Treating Saline Industrial Wastewater

IF 3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI:10.3390/w16182629

Majeb Alotaibi, Ashraf Refaat, Faris Munshi, Mohamed Ali El-Said, Saber A. El-Shafai

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Abstract

This study investigated the efficacy of membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology in treating saline industrial wastewater, focusing on the impact of the organic loading rate (OLR) and the food-to-microorganism (F/M) ratio on treatment performance. This research utilized saline industrial wastewater from Al-Hasa, which had salinity levels ranging from 5000 to 6900 mg/L. It explored treatment processes at varying Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentrations of 800, 1400, and 2000 mg/L, corresponding to an OLR of 0.80 ± 0.05, 1.41 ± 0.07, and 1.98 ± 0.12 g COD/L, respectively. The average F/M ratios used were 0.20, 0.36, and 0.50 g COD/g MLSS·d, maintaining a constant Sludge Residence Time (SRT) of 12 days, a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h (hrs.), and a flux of 10 L/m2·h. The MBR system demonstrated high COD removal efficiencies, averaging 95.7 ± 1.6%, 95.5 ± 0.4%, and 96.1 ± 0.3%, alongside Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal rates of 98.3 ± 0.2%, 99.8 ± 0.1%, and 98.5 ± 0.1%, respectively. However, an increased OLR led to elevated residual COD and BOD levels in the treated effluent, with COD concentrations reaching 34.2 ± 12.8, 63.3 ± 5.9, and 76.5 ± 5.4 mg/L, respectively. This study also reveals a significant decline in ammonia and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) removal efficiencies as OLR increases, dropping from 96.1 ± 0.5% to 80.2 ± 0.9% for ammonia and from 83.8 ± 3.4% to 65.8 ± 2.3% for TKN. Furthermore, higher OLRs significantly contribute to membrane fouling and elevate the transmembrane pressure (TMP), indicating a direct correlation between OLRs and operational challenges in MBR systems. The findings suggest that for optimal performance within the Saudi disposal limits for industrial wastewater, the MBR system should operate at an F/M ratio of ≤0.33 g COD/g of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS)·d. This study underscores the critical role of the OLR and F/M ratio in treating saline industrial wastewater using MBR technology, providing valuable insights for enhancing treatment efficiency and compliance with environmental standards.

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有机物负载率对处理含盐工业废水的膜生物反应器处理性能的影响

本研究调查了膜生物反应器（MBR）技术在处理含盐工业废水方面的功效，重点研究了有机负荷率（OLR）和食物微生物比（F/M）对处理效果的影响。这项研究利用了来自 Al-Hasa 的含盐工业废水，其盐度范围为 5000 至 6900 毫克/升。研究探讨了在不同化学需氧量（COD）浓度（800、1400 和 2000 mg/L）下的处理工艺，对应的 OLR 分别为 0.80 ± 0.05、1.41 ± 0.07 和 1.98 ± 0.12 g COD/L。使用的平均 F/M 比率分别为 0.20、0.36 和 0.50 g COD/g MLSS-d，污泥停留时间 (SRT) 保持不变，为 12 天，水力停留时间 (HRT) 为 24 小时，通量为 10 升/平方米-小时。MBR 系统的 COD 去除率很高，平均分别为 95.7 ± 1.6%、95.5 ± 0.4% 和 96.1 ± 0.3%，生化需氧量 (BOD) 去除率分别为 98.3 ± 0.2%、99.8 ± 0.1% 和 98.5 ± 0.1%。然而，OLR 的增加导致处理后出水的残余 COD 和 BOD 水平升高，COD 浓度分别达到 34.2 ± 12.8、63.3 ± 5.9 和 76.5 ± 5.4 mg/L。这项研究还显示，随着 OLR 的增加，氨氮和凯氏总氮（TKN）的去除率也显著下降，氨氮的去除率从 96.1 ± 0.5% 降至 80.2 ± 0.9%，凯氏总氮的去除率从 83.8 ± 3.4% 降至 65.8 ± 2.3%。此外，较高的 OLRs 会明显导致膜堵塞并提高跨膜压力 (TMP)，这表明 OLRs 与 MBR 系统的运行挑战之间存在直接关联。研究结果表明，为了在沙特工业废水处理限制范围内实现最佳性能，MBR 系统应在 F/M 比率≤0.33 g COD/g 混合液悬浮固体（MLSS）-d 的条件下运行。这项研究强调了 OLR 和 F/M 比率在使用 MBR 技术处理含盐工业废水中的关键作用，为提高处理效率和遵守环境标准提供了宝贵的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

14.70%

发文量

3491

审稿时长

19.85 days

期刊介绍： Water (ISSN 2073-4441) is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly journal covering all aspects of water including water science and technology, and the hydrology, ecology and management of water resources. It publishes regular research papers, critical reviews and short communications, and there is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles. Computed data or files regarding the full details of the experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.