Winter Season Outdoor Cultivation of an Autochthonous Chlorella-Strain in a Pilot-Scale Prototype for Urban Wastewater Treatment

IF 3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.3390/w16182635

Elisa Benà, Pierluigi Giacò, Sara Demaria, Roberta Marchesini, Michele Melis, Giulia Zanotti, Costanza Baldisserotto, Simonetta Pancaldi

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Abstract

The global population increase during the last century has significantly amplified freshwater demand, leading to higher wastewater (WW) production. European regulations necessitate treating WW before environmental. Microalgae have gained attention for wastewater treatment (WWT) due to their efficiency in remediating nutrients and pollutants, alongside producing valuable biomass. This study investigates the phycoremediation potential of a Chlorella-like strain isolated from urban WW in a 600L-scale system under winter conditions. Experiments in December 2021 and February 2022 tested the strain’s adaptability to varying environmental conditions, particularly temperatures (min-max temperature range: from −3.69 to 10.61 °C in December and −3.96 to 17.61 °C in February), and its ability to meet legal discharge limits. In December, low temperatures algal growth. Nitrates showed an RE of about 92%, while ammonia slightly decreased (RE, about 32%), and phosphorous remained unchanged. In February, mild temperatures increased algal density (33.3 × 106 cell mL−1) and, at the end of experiment, all nutrients were below legal limits with very high RE % (NH4+, 91.43; PO43− 97.32). Both trials showed an E. coli RE, % = 99%. The study highlights the potential of microalgae for WWT and the importance of considering seasonal variations when implementing these systems.

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冬季室外培养自生小球藻菌株用于城市污水处理的中试原型

上世纪全球人口的增长大大增加了对淡水的需求，导致废水（WW）产量增加。欧洲法规规定，必须先对废水进行处理，然后再用于环保。由于微藻类能有效修复营养物质和污染物，同时还能产生有价值的生物量，因此在废水处理（WWT）方面备受关注。本研究调查了一种从城市污水中分离出来的类小球藻菌株在冬季条件下 600 升规模系统中的植物修复潜力。2021 年 12 月和 2022 年 2 月的实验测试了该菌株对不同环境条件的适应能力，尤其是温度（最低-最高温度范围：12 月为 -3.69 至 10.61 °C，2 月为 -3.96 至 17.61 °C），以及达到法定排放限制的能力。12 月，气温较低，藻类生长旺盛。硝酸盐的 RE 值约为 92%，而氨氮略有下降（RE 值约为 32%），磷保持不变。2 月份，温和的气温增加了藻类密度（33.3×106 个细胞 mL-1），实验结束时，所有营养物质均低于法定限值，RE % 非常高（NH4+，91.43；PO43- 97.32）。两项试验均显示大肠杆菌 RE, % = 99%。这项研究强调了微藻在 WWT 方面的潜力，以及在实施这些系统时考虑季节变化的重要性。

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来源期刊

Water WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

14.70%

发文量

3491

审稿时长

19.85 days

期刊介绍： Water (ISSN 2073-4441) is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly journal covering all aspects of water including water science and technology, and the hydrology, ecology and management of water resources. It publishes regular research papers, critical reviews and short communications, and there is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles. Computed data or files regarding the full details of the experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.