Studying the Characteristics of Tank Oil Sludge

IF 2.8 4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Processes Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.3390/pr12092007

Sandugash Tanirbergenova, Aisulu Tagayeva, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Michele Porto, Paolino Caputo, Ernar Kanzharkan, Dildara Tugelbayeva, Nurzhamal Zhylybayeva, Kairat Tazhu, Yerbol Tileuberdi

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Abstract

Oil sludge is one of the main pollutants generated by the oil industry. Due to serious pollution and increasing oil production, problems arise every year in the effective treatment of oil sludge. The current study examines the composition and physicochemical characteristics of oil sludge, as well as traditional and new methods for processing oil sludge. With the tightening of environmental protection requirements, oil sludge quality reduction, recycling, and harmless treatment technologies will become necessary in the future. The primary task was to determine the composition of tank oil sludge, separate it from mechanical impurities, and study the influence of ultrasonic treatment and subsequent atmospheric distillation on the extract. The separation of the concentrate and the composition of the tank oil sludge, using an extracted mixture of hexane and benzene, are considered. The use of modern SEM methods, elemental analysis, NMR analysis, IR, ultrasound, and GC–mass spectrometry made it possible to characterize the organic part of reservoir oil sludge and its distillation products. First, 300 g of tank oil sludge was preheated and mixed with 300 mL of solvent (hexane:benzene = 1:1). After mixing with the solvent, the result mixture was filtered. Then, it was placed in an ultrasonic bath and exposed to ultrasound at a frequency of 100 kHz for 30 min. After processing, it was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus at a temperature of 65 °C to isolate the extract. The resulting extract was analyzed on a gas chromatograph with mass detection. The composition of the extract was as follows (in %): hexane—83.99; total hydrocarbon isomers—7.12; n-hydrocarbons—2.52; benzene—6.37%. At a temperature of 85 °C, the benzene yield was 65.85%. It has been established that the fractions obtained through the distillation of oil sludge at temperatures of 65–85 °C have improved dissolving capacity. It has also been shown that the use of these fractions promotes an increase in the content of hydrocarbon isomers by 12–13% in the extract composition.

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研究油罐油泥的特性

油泥是石油工业产生的主要污染物之一。由于污染严重和石油产量不断增加，每年都会出现如何有效处理油污泥的问题。本研究探讨了油污泥的组成和理化特性，以及处理油污泥的传统方法和新方法。随着环保要求的提高，油污泥的减质、回收和无害化处理技术将成为未来的必要技术。主要任务是确定油罐油泥的成分，将其从机械杂质中分离出来，并研究超声波处理和随后的常压蒸馏对提取物的影响。使用正己烷和苯的萃取混合物，考虑了浓缩物的分离和油罐油泥的成分。通过使用现代扫描电镜方法、元素分析、核磁共振分析、红外光谱、超声波和气相色谱-质谱法，可以确定油库油泥的有机部分及其蒸馏产物的特征。首先，将 300 克油库油泥预热并与 300 毫升溶剂（正己烷：苯 = 1:1）混合。与溶剂混合后，过滤所得混合物。然后，将其放入超声波浴中，在频率为 100 kHz 的超声波下暴露 30 分钟。处理后，在温度为 65 °C 的索氏提取器中进行提取，分离出提取物。所得提取物在气相色谱仪上进行质量检测分析。提取物的成分如下（单位：%）：正己烷-83.99；总烃异构体-7.12；正烃-2.52；苯-6.37%。在 85 °C 的温度下，苯的产率为 65.85%。实验证明，在 65-85 °C 的温度下蒸馏油泥得到的馏分具有更好的溶解能力。研究还表明，使用这些馏分可使萃取物成分中碳氢化合物异构体的含量增加 12-13%。

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来源期刊

Processes Chemical Engineering-Bioengineering

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

11.40%

发文量

2239

审稿时长

14.11 days

期刊介绍： Processes (ISSN 2227-9717) provides an advanced forum for process related research in chemistry, biology and allied engineering fields. The journal publishes regular research papers, communications, letters, short notes and reviews. Our aim is to encourage researchers to publish their experimental, theoretical and computational results in as much detail as necessary. There is no restriction on paper length or number of figures and tables.