Astrocyte-mediated neuronal irregularities and dynamics: the complexity of the tripartite synapse

IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, CYBERNETICS
Den Whilrex Garcia, Sabir Jacquir
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Abstract

Despite significant advancements in recent decades, gaining a comprehensive understanding of brain computations remains a significant challenge in neuroscience. Using computational models is crucial for unraveling this complex phenomenon and is equally indispensable for studying neurological disorders. This endeavor has created many neuronal models that capture brain dynamics at various scales and complexities. However, most existing models do not account for the potential influence of glial cells, particularly astrocytes, on neuronal physiology. This gap persists even with the emerging evidence indicating their critical role in regulating neural network activity, plasticity, and even neurological pathologies. To address this gap, some works proposed models that include neuron–glia interactions. Also, while some literature focuses on sophisticated models of neuron–glia interactions that mimic the complexity of physiological phenomena, there are also existing works that propose simplified models of neural–glial ensembles. Building upon these efforts, we aimed to contribute further to the field by proposing a simplified tripartite synapse model that encompasses the presynaptic neuron, postsynaptic neuron, and astrocyte. We defined the tripartite synapse model based on the Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire neuron model and a simplified scheme of the astrocyte model previously proposed by Postnov. Through our simulations, we demonstrated how astrocytes can influence neuronal firing behavior by sequentially activating and deactivating different pathways within the tripartite synapse. This modulation by astrocytes can shape neuronal behavior and introduce irregularities in the firing patterns of both presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons through the introduction of new pathways and configurations of relevant parameters.

Abstract Image

星形胶质细胞介导的神经元不规则性和动力学:三方突触的复杂性
尽管近几十年来取得了重大进展,但全面了解大脑计算仍然是神经科学领域的一项重大挑战。使用计算模型对于揭示这一复杂现象至关重要,对于研究神经系统疾病同样不可或缺。这一努力创造了许多神经元模型,这些模型捕捉了各种规模和复杂程度的大脑动态。然而,大多数现有模型都没有考虑到神经胶质细胞(尤其是星形胶质细胞)对神经元生理学的潜在影响。即使有新的证据表明神经胶质细胞在调节神经网络活动、可塑性甚至神经系统病变方面起着关键作用,这一空白依然存在。为了弥补这一空白,一些著作提出了包括神经元与胶质细胞相互作用的模型。此外,虽然一些文献侧重于模拟复杂生理现象的神经元-胶质细胞相互作用的复杂模型,但也有一些现有著作提出了神经元-胶质细胞组合的简化模型。在这些工作的基础上,我们提出了一个简化的三方突触模型,包括突触前神经元、突触后神经元和星形胶质细胞,旨在为该领域做出进一步贡献。我们定义的三方突触模型是基于波斯特诺夫之前提出的自适应指数积分发射神经元模型和星形胶质细胞模型的简化方案。通过模拟,我们证明了星形胶质细胞如何通过依次激活和停用三方突触中的不同通路来影响神经元的发射行为。星形胶质细胞的这种调节作用可以塑造神经元的行为,并通过引入新的通路和相关参数的配置,在突触前和突触后神经元的发射模式中引入不规则性。
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来源期刊
Biological Cybernetics
Biological Cybernetics 工程技术-计算机:控制论
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
5.30%
发文量
38
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Biological Cybernetics is an interdisciplinary medium for theoretical and application-oriented aspects of information processing in organisms, including sensory, motor, cognitive, and ecological phenomena. Topics covered include: mathematical modeling of biological systems; computational, theoretical or engineering studies with relevance for understanding biological information processing; and artificial implementation of biological information processing and self-organizing principles. Under the main aspects of performance and function of systems, emphasis is laid on communication between life sciences and technical/theoretical disciplines.
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