Pathways from education to mortality, mediated through income

IF 2 3区 医学 Q2 ECONOMICS
Health economics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1002/hec.4894
Govert E. Bijwaard, Kieron J. Barclay
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Abstract

Lower levels of education are associated with higher mortality. Lower levels of education are also associated with lower income, which is also associated with higher mortality. We investigate the impact of education on mortality and the extent to which this is mediated through income over the life course. We account for both selective educational attainment and selective income over the life course, through inverse propensity weighting (IPW) of the mortality hazard. We decompose the educational gain, that is, the decrease in mortality from more education, in the hazard into an indirect effect of education, running through changes in income and a direct effect of education, running through other factors. We use Swedish conscription data (men only), linked to parental information and individual annual income for the period 1968 till 2012. Our empirical results indicate large educational gains in mortality. We also find that this educational gradient runs through changes in income, especially for the more educated, and does not run through other factors related to education. We conduct several robustness and sensitivity checks that indicate that the results are robust.

Abstract Image

以收入为中介,从教育到死亡的路径。
教育水平越低,死亡率越高。较低的教育水平也与较低的收入有关,而较低的收入也与较高的死亡率有关。我们研究了教育对死亡率的影响,以及这种影响在多大程度上是通过生命过程中的收入来调节的。我们通过死亡率危险的反倾向加权(IPW),对生命过程中教育程度的选择性和收入的选择性进行了考虑。我们将危险中的教育收益(即教育程度越高死亡率越低)分解为教育的间接效应(通过收入变化产生)和教育的直接效应(通过其他因素产生)。我们使用了瑞典征兵数据(仅限男性),这些数据与 1968 年至 2012 年期间的父母信息和个人年收入相关联。我们的实证结果表明,教育对死亡率的影响很大。我们还发现,这种教育梯度与收入变化有关,尤其是对受教育程度较高的人而言,而与教育相关的其他因素无关。我们进行了多项稳健性和敏感性检验,结果表明这些检验结果是稳健的。
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来源期刊
Health economics
Health economics 医学-卫生保健
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
4.80%
发文量
177
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: This Journal publishes articles on all aspects of health economics: theoretical contributions, empirical studies and analyses of health policy from the economic perspective. Its scope includes the determinants of health and its definition and valuation, as well as the demand for and supply of health care; planning and market mechanisms; micro-economic evaluation of individual procedures and treatments; and evaluation of the performance of health care systems. Contributions should typically be original and innovative. As a rule, the Journal does not include routine applications of cost-effectiveness analysis, discrete choice experiments and costing analyses. Editorials are regular features, these should be concise and topical. Occasionally commissioned reviews are published and special issues bring together contributions on a single topic. Health Economics Letters facilitate rapid exchange of views on topical issues. Contributions related to problems in both developed and developing countries are welcome.
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