Plant invasion down under: exploring the below-ground impact of invasive plant species on soil properties and invertebrate communities in the Central Plateau of New Zealand

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Benjamin M. Pearson, Maria A. Minor, Alastair W. Robertson, Andrea L. Clavijo McCormick
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Abstract

The impacts of invasive plants on arthropod communities are often reported to be negative and have predominantly been explored aboveground, but there is a paucity of information regarding what happens belowground. To address this gap, we compared soil properties and soil fauna communities associated with two native plant species (Leptospermum scoparium—mānuka and Chionochloa rubra—red tussock) and two invasive species (non-N-fixing Calluna vulgaris—European heather and N-fixing Cytisus scoparius—Scotch broom) in the Central Plateau of New Zealand. We expected that (1) at individual plant level soil properties would be different under invasive and native plant species, with higher soil nutrient concentrations under invasive species, especially N-fixing broom; (2) total abundance of soil fauna would be higher under invasive plant species, as generally positive impact of invasive plants on soil invertebrates is indicated in the literature; (3) invasive plants, and especially N-fixing broom, will be associated with greater abundances of soil decomposer groups. We found that soil properties and soil fauna assemblages did not cluster by plant invasive status as initially predicted. At individual plant level, there was similarity in soil conditions between mānuka and broom, and between red tussock and heather. The invasive N-fixer (broom) had positive effects on soil N availability, with higher N pool and lower C/N ratio in soil under this species. There were no consistent differences in total soil fauna abundance between invasive and native plants. Broom and mānuka were associated with higher abundances of Collembola, Oligochaeta and Diplopoda; heather and red tussock had higher abundances of Hymenoptera and Hemiptera. Significantly more Oligochaeta and Collembola under broom matched the prediction of invasive plants (and especially N-fixing invasives) being associated with greater abundances of decomposers. However, another important decomposer group—oribatid mites—did not show the same tendency. These results evidence that simplified generalizations regarding the impacts of invasive plants are unlikely to be justified, since the ecological effects of plant invasions are complex and do not always follow the same pattern. Therefore, we need to take into consideration the ecological context and the traits of individual plant species and target organisms in an unbiased manner to fully understand the impacts of plant invasions.

Abstract Image

植物入侵:探索入侵植物物种对新西兰中央高原土壤特性和无脊椎动物群落的地下影响
据报道,入侵植物对节肢动物群落的影响通常是负面的,而且主要是在地面上进行研究,但有关地下情况的信息却很少。为了填补这一空白,我们比较了新西兰中央高原与两种本地植物(Leptospermum scoparium-mānuka和Chionochloa rubra-red tussock)和两种入侵植物(非固氮的Calluna vulgaris-欧洲石楠和固氮的Cytisus scoparius-Scotch broom)相关的土壤特性和土壤动物群落。我们预计:(1) 在入侵植物和本地植物物种的作用下,单个植物的土壤特性会有所不同,入侵植物物种,尤其是固氮扫帚菜的土壤养分浓度更高;(2) 在入侵植物物种的作用下,土壤动物群的总丰度会更高,因为文献表明入侵植物对土壤无脊椎动物的影响通常是正面的;(3) 入侵植物,尤其是固氮扫帚菜,会与土壤分解者群体的丰度更高相关联。我们发现,土壤特性和土壤动物群落并没有像最初预测的那样因植物入侵状况而聚类。在单个植物层面,马努卡和扫帚菜之间以及红草丛和石楠之间的土壤条件相似。入侵的固氮植物(扫帚菜)对土壤中氮的可用性有积极影响,该物种下的土壤中氮库较高,C/N 比值较低。入侵植物和本地植物的土壤动物总丰度没有一致的差异。帚石楠和马努卡的鞘翅目、寡毛目和倍足目动物数量较多;石楠和红草丛的膜翅目和半翅目动物数量较多。与入侵植物(尤其是固氮入侵植物)与分解者丰度相关联的预测相吻合的是,扫帚下的寡毛目和鞘翅目动物数量明显较多。然而,另一个重要的分解者群体--螨类--并没有表现出同样的趋势。这些结果证明,关于入侵植物影响的简单概括不太可能成立,因为植物入侵的生态影响是复杂的,并不总是遵循相同的模式。因此,我们需要不偏不倚地考虑生态环境以及单个植物物种和目标生物的特性,以充分了解植物入侵的影响。
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来源期刊
Biological Invasions
Biological Invasions 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
6.90%
发文量
248
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Biological Invasions publishes research and synthesis papers on patterns and processes of biological invasions in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine (including brackish) ecosystems. Also of interest are scholarly papers on management and policy issues as they relate to conservation programs and the global amelioration or control of invasions. The journal will consider proposals for special issues resulting from conferences or workshops on invasions.There are no page charges to publish in this journal.
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