Electrons herald non-classical light

Germaine Arend, Guanhao Huang, Armin Feist, Yujia Yang, Jan-Wilke Henke, Zheru Qiu, Hao Jeng, Arslan Sajid Raja, Rudolf Haindl, Rui Ning Wang, Tobias J. Kippenberg, Claus Ropers
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Abstract

Free electrons are a widespread and universal source of electromagnetic fields. The past decades witnessed ever-growing control over many aspects of electron-generated radiation, from the incoherent emission produced by X-ray tubes to the exceptional brilliance of free-electron lasers. Reduced to the elementary process of quantized energy exchange between individual electrons and the electromagnetic field, electron beams may facilitate future sources of tunable quantum light. However, the quantum features of such radiation are tied to the correlation of the particles, calling for the joint electronic and photonic state to be explored for further applications. Here, we demonstrate the coherent parametric generation of non-classical states of light by free electrons. We show that the quantized electron energy loss heralds the number of photons generated in a dielectric waveguide. In Hanbury-Brown-Twiss measurements, an electron-heralded single-photon state is revealed via antibunching intensity correlations, while two-quantum energy losses of individual electrons yield pronounced two-photon coincidences. The approach facilitates the tailored preparation of higher-number Fock and other optical quantum states based on controlled interactions with free-electron beams.
电子预示着非经典光
自由电子是一种广泛而普遍的电磁场源。过去几十年来,从 X 射线管产生的非相干发射到自由电子激光的非凡光彩,人们对电子产生的辐射的许多方面的控制都在不断加强。电子束被还原为单个电子与电磁场之间量子化能量交换的基本过程,可能会促进未来可调谐量子光源的发展。然而,这种辐射的量子特征与粒子的相关性息息相关,这就要求对电子和光子的联合状态进行探索,以便进一步应用。在这里,我们展示了自由电子对非经典光状态的相干参量生成。我们表明,电子能量损失的量化预示着在介质波导中产生的光子数量。在汉伯里-布朗-特维斯测量中,电子预示的单光子态通过反束强度相关性显现出来,而单个电子的双量子能量损失则产生了明显的双光子重合。这种方法有助于在控制与自由电子束的相互作用的基础上,定制制备更高数的福克态和其他光量子态。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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