Characterization, mechanical, corrosion, and in vitro apatite-formation ability properties of hydroxyapatite-reduced graphene oxide coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation

IF 6.2 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite-reduced graphene oxide (HA/rGO) nanocomposite coatings were developed on Ti6Al4V alloy using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). The PEO electrolyte comprised calcium acetate (C4H6CaO4) and calcium glycerophosphate (C3H7O5CaP). Prior to integrating reduced graphene oxide into the coating solution, parameters such as voltage and current density were optimized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of various current densities and graphene concentrations on coating properties was analyzed. Coating phase structures, surface morphologies, functional groups, and chemical compositions were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of graphene in the coatings. Surface morphology examinations revealed that surface cracks appeared at voltages above 350 V due to thermal stresses. Increasing current density reduced the number of porosities but increased pore size. Adding graphene to the solution to form HA/rGO coatings further decreased both the number and size of porosities. XRD analysis identified phases of titanium, anatase, rutile, titanium phosphide, tri-calcium phosphate (TCP), and hydroxyapatite in the coatings. Corrosion properties were assessed via potentiodynamic polarization tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Tribological and mechanical properties were evaluated by pin-on-disk and microhardness, respectively. The in vitro apatite-formation ability of the coatings was assessed by immersion in SBF at 37 °C, with ion concentration changes measured by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP). Results indicated that increasing current density reduced porosities and increased the Ca/P ratio.

等离子电解氧化法 Ti6Al4V 合金上羟基磷灰石还原氧化石墨烯涂层的表征、力学、腐蚀和体外磷灰石形成能力特性
利用等离子电解氧化(PEO)技术在 Ti6Al4V 合金上开发了羟基磷灰石-还原氧化石墨烯(HA/rGO)纳米复合涂层。PEO 电解液由醋酸钙(C4H6CaO4)和甘油磷酸钙(C3H7O5CaP)组成。在将还原氧化石墨烯融入涂层溶液之前,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对电压和电流密度等参数进行了优化。分析了各种电流密度和石墨烯浓度对涂层性能的影响。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、衰减全反射-傅立叶变换红外光谱 (ATR-FTIR) 和能量色散光谱 (EDS) 对涂层相结构、表面形貌、官能团和化学成分进行了表征。拉曼光谱证实了涂层中石墨烯的存在。表面形貌检查显示,由于热应力,在电压超过 350 V 时表面会出现裂纹。增加电流密度会减少孔隙数量,但会增加孔隙大小。在溶液中加入石墨烯形成的 HA/rGO 涂层进一步减少了孔隙的数量和大小。XRD 分析确定了涂层中的钛相、锐钛矿相、金红石相、磷化钛相、磷酸三钙(TCP)相和羟基磷灰石相。通过模拟体液(SBF)溶液中的电位极化测试评估了腐蚀特性。摩擦学和机械性能分别通过针盘和显微硬度进行评估。涂层的体外磷灰石形成能力是通过在 37 °C 的 SBF 中浸泡来评估的,离子浓度变化则是通过电感耦合等离子体光谱法(ICP)来测量的。结果表明,增加电流密度可降低孔隙率,提高 Ca/P 比值。
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来源期刊
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t Materials Science-Metals and Alloys
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
9.40%
发文量
1877
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Materials Research and Technology is a publication of ABM - Brazilian Metallurgical, Materials and Mining Association - and publishes four issues per year also with a free version online (www.jmrt.com.br). The journal provides an international medium for the publication of theoretical and experimental studies related to Metallurgy, Materials and Minerals research and technology. Appropriate submissions to the Journal of Materials Research and Technology should include scientific and/or engineering factors which affect processes and products in the Metallurgy, Materials and Mining areas.
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