Geological and oceanographic constrains on the deposit of ferromanganese nodules on the archipelagic aprons of seamounts

IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
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Abstract

The archipelagic aprons of the large deep-sea seamounts of the northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO) show potential areas for significant reserves of ferromanganese nodules (FMNs). This study used datasets such as depth, backscatter intensity (BI), and optical coverage in conjunction with mineralogical, element geochemical, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic, and chronological analyses of FMNs of the Suda Guyot (SG), which was located on the central area of the Marcus-Wake seamounts, in the NWPO. The results indicated a Y-shaped distribution of the deposit on the northern apron of the SG. Landslides predated the mineralization processes of the FMN deposit, and the ubiquitous channels in the apron had largely minimal influence on the distribution of nodules. Current mineralization of the deposit has been ongoing for ∼10 Myrs. Continuous weakening of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) resulted in a gradual decrease in bottom water oxygen contents around the SG. This in turn resulted in a decrease in cryptocrystalline Fe-vernadite (δ-MnO2) and elemental contents associated with δ-MnO2 of FMNs, such as Mo, Te, and Tl. Meanwhile, the contribution of Asian dust to the study area increased, leading to increased Fe, which in turn increased amorphous ferrihydrite (FeOOH), and FeOOH-associated elements such as Ti, Pb, and Th. Productivity gradually increased to its peak value around 4–5 Myrs ago, leading to similar trends in REY, Ba, and U. REY contents exhibited a certain correlation with water depth around the SG. The results of this study suggest that the Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD) variation resulted in higher content of REY of the FMNs in the shallower apron.

海隆群岛围岩铁锰结核沉积的地质学和海洋学制约因素
西北太平洋(NWPO)大型深海海山的群岛围岩是铁锰结核(FMNs)重要储量的潜在区域。这项研究利用深度、反向散射强度(BI)和光学覆盖率等数据集,结合矿物学、元素地球化学、Sr-Nd-Pb 同位素和年代学分析,对西北太平洋马库斯-威克海隆中心区域的苏达古约特(SG)的铁锰结核进行了分析。结果表明,矿床呈 "Y "字形分布在 SG 的北部围岩上。山体滑坡早于 FMN 矿床的成矿过程,而地坪上无处不在的通道对结核分布的影响基本上微乎其微。该矿床目前的成矿过程已经持续了 10 年。南极底层水(AABW)的持续减弱导致 SG 周围底层水氧含量逐渐下降。这反过来又导致隐晶铁钒矿(δ-MnO2)和与 FMNs 的 δ-MnO2 相关的元素含量(如 Mo、Te 和 Tl)的减少。同时,亚洲灰尘对研究区域的贡献增加,导致铁增加,进而增加了无定形铁水物(FeOOH)以及与 FeOOH 相关的元素,如 Ti、Pb 和 Th。生产率在 4-5 Myrs 前逐渐上升到峰值,导致 REY、Ba 和 U 含量也呈类似趋势。该研究结果表明,碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD)的变化导致较浅地层的调频核中REY含量较高。
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来源期刊
Marine Geology
Marine Geology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
175
审稿时长
21.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Marine Geology is the premier international journal on marine geological processes in the broadest sense. We seek papers that are comprehensive, interdisciplinary and synthetic that will be lasting contributions to the field. Although most papers are based on regional studies, they must demonstrate new findings of international significance. We accept papers on subjects as diverse as seafloor hydrothermal systems, beach dynamics, early diagenesis, microbiological studies in sediments, palaeoclimate studies and geophysical studies of the seabed. We encourage papers that address emerging new fields, for example the influence of anthropogenic processes on coastal/marine geology and coastal/marine geoarchaeology. We insist that the papers are concerned with the marine realm and that they deal with geology: with rocks, sediments, and physical and chemical processes affecting them. Papers should address scientific hypotheses: highly descriptive data compilations or papers that deal only with marine management and risk assessment should be submitted to other journals. Papers on laboratory or modelling studies must demonstrate direct relevance to marine processes or deposits. The primary criteria for acceptance of papers is that the science is of high quality, novel, significant, and of broad international interest.
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