Features of the Humus Status of Gray Forest Soil Depending on Slope Aspect and Steepness

E. V. Dubovik, D. V. Dubovik, N. P. Masyutenko
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Abstract

The humus status of gray forest soil formed on loesslike loams on the northern and southern slopes of 1°, 3°, and 5° in the Central Chernozem Region was studied. Soil samples were taken in pits from the middle part of the Aplow, A1, A1A2, and B horizon in three replications. We determined the organic carbon and the fractional group composition of humus according to the scheme by I.V. Tyurin modified by V.V. Ponomareva and T.A. Plotnikova. The content of mobile humus substances was analyzed in 0.1n NaOH extract from soil without decalcification by the approach modified at the V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute with preliminary composting. Gross nitrogen was determined by the wet ignition method according to Ginzburg with ammonia distillation according to Kjeldahl. It was found that the content of organic carbon in gray forest soil was higher on the northern slope than on the southern one. Mineralization of organic matter was faster in soil of the southern slope, which was related to the narrower C : N ratio as compared to the soil of the northern slope. It was revealed that the mobility of humus substances in gray forest soil more strongly depended on the slope aspect than on its steepness. The ratio between organic matter components in the studied soils was determined by agroecological conditions; therefore, the qualitative and quantitative composition of organic matter should be regulated, taking them into account.

Abstract Image

灰色森林土壤的腐殖质状况随坡度和陡度变化的特点
摘要 研究了切尔诺泽姆中部地区 1°、3° 和 5°北坡和南坡黄土状壤土上形成的灰色森林土壤的腐殖质状况。土壤样本取自 Aplow、A1、A1A2 和 B 层中间部分的坑中,分三次重复采集。我们根据 I.V. Tyurin(经 V.V. Ponomareva 和 T.A. Plotnikova 修改)提出的方案测定了腐殖质的有机碳和组分组成。根据 V.V. Dokuchaev 土壤科学研究所修改的初步堆肥方法,对未脱钙土壤的 0.1n NaOH 提取物中移动腐殖质的含量进行了分析。毛氮的测定方法是根据金兹堡(Ginzburg)的湿点火法和凯氏定氮法的氨蒸馏法。研究发现,灰林土壤中的有机碳含量北坡高于南坡。与北坡土壤相比,南坡土壤中有机物的矿化速度更快,这与较窄的碳氮比有关。研究表明,灰林土壤中腐殖质的流动性与坡度的关系更大。所研究土壤中有机质成分之间的比例由农业生态条件决定;因此,应根据农业生态条件调节有机质的质量和数量组成。
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