Effect of a novel food rich in miraculin on the intestinal microbiome of malnourished patients with cancer and dysgeusia

Julio Plaza-Diaz, Marco Brandimonte-Hernandez, Bricia Lopez-Plaza, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Ana Isabel Alvarez-Mercado, Lucia Arcos-Castellanos, Jaime Feliu-Batlle, Thomas Hummel, Samara Palma-Milla, Angel Gil
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Abstract

Dysgeusia contributes to nutritional derangement and worsens the quality of life of patients with cancer. Despite the different strategies, there is no effective treatment for patients suffering from taste disorders provided by the pharmaceutical industry. We developed a novel strategy for re-ducing side effects in cancer patients by providing a novel food supplement with the taste-modifying glycoprotein miraculin, which is approved by the European Union, as an adju-vant to medical-nutritional therapy. A pilot randomized, parallel, triple-blind, and place-bo-controlled intervention clinical trial was carried out in which 31 malnourished patients with cancer and dysgeusia receiving antineoplastic treatment, and were randomized into three arms: standard dose of DMB (150 mg DMB/tablet), high dose of DMB (300 mg DMB/tablet) or placebo (300 mg freeze-dried strawberry) for three months. Patients consumed a DMB or placebo tablet before each main meal (breakfast, lunch and dinner). Using stool samples from patients with can-cer, we analyzed the intestinal microbiome via nanopore methodology. We detected differences in the relative abundances of genera Phocaeicola and Escherichia depending on the treatment. Nev-ertheless, only the Solibaculum genus was more abundant in the standard-dose DMB group after 3 months. At the species level, Bacteroides sp. PHL 2737 presented a relatively low abundance in both DMB groups, and Vescimonas coprocola presented a relatively high abundance in both treat-ment groups after 3 months. Furthermore, a standard dose of DMB was positively associated with TNF-α levels and Lachnoclostridium and Mediterraneibacter abundances, whereas a high dose of DMB was negatively associated with TNF-α levels and the relative abundance of Pho-caeicola. After a high dose of DMB, erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids were positively cor-related with Lachnoclostridium and Roseburia, and there was a positive association between Pho-caeicola and the acetic acid concentration of feces. The intake of DMB together with nutritional treatment and individualized dietary advice results in positive changes in the intestinal micro-biome of patients with cancer and dysgeusia There was a negative association between the rela-tive abundance of Phocaeicola and taste perception in the DMB high dose group. Changes observed in the intestinal microbiota might contribute to maintaining an appropriate immune response of cancer patients. Since the present pilot study involved only a few participants, further research is needed to draw robust conclusions.
富含米拉库林的新型食品对营养不良的癌症和消化不良患者肠道微生物群的影响
味觉失调会导致营养失调,恶化癌症患者的生活质量。尽管采取了各种不同的策略,但制药业还没有针对味觉障碍患者的有效治疗方法。我们开发了一种减少癌症患者副作用的新策略,即提供一种含有欧盟批准的味觉修饰糖蛋白 miraculin 的新型食品补充剂,作为药物营养疗法的辅助疗法。我们开展了一项试验性随机、平行、三盲和地方对照干预临床试验,31 名接受抗肿瘤治疗的营养不良癌症患者被随机分为三组:标准剂量 DMB(150 毫克 DMB/片)、高剂量 DMB(300 毫克 DMB/片)或安慰剂(300 毫克冻干草莓),为期三个月。患者在每顿正餐(早餐、午餐和晚餐)前服用一片 DMB 或安慰剂。我们使用坎儿井患者的粪便样本,通过纳米孔方法分析了肠道微生物组。根据不同的治疗方法,我们发现 Phocaeicola 属和 Escherichia 属的相对丰度存在差异。尽管如此,3 个月后,标准剂量 DMB 组中只有 Solibaculum 属的含量更高。在物种水平上,两个 DMB 组中 Bacteroides sp. PHL 2737 的丰度都相对较低,而两个处理组中 Vescimonas coprocola 的丰度在 3 个月后都相对较高。此外,标准剂量的DMB与TNF-α水平、Lachnoclostridium和Mediterraneibacter的丰度呈正相关,而高剂量的DMB与TNF-α水平和Pho-caeicola的相对丰度呈负相关。摄入高剂量 DMB 后,红细胞多不饱和脂肪酸与梭状芽孢杆菌和玫瑰糠疹菌呈正相关,而 Pho-caeicola 与粪便中的乙酸浓度呈正相关。摄入 DMB 以及营养治疗和个性化饮食建议可使癌症和消化不良患者的肠道微生物群发生积极变化。在肠道微生物群中观察到的变化可能有助于维持癌症患者适当的免疫反应。由于本试验研究仅涉及少数参与者,因此需要进一步研究才能得出可靠的结论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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