Reasons for 2022 deficient Indian summer monsoon rainfall over Gangetic Plain

IF 1.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Priyanka N. Maraskolhe, Ramesh Kumar Yadav
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Abstract

The variability of Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) has a socioeconomic impact on India. The profound relationship between ISMR and El Nino southern oscillation (ENSO) is getting weaker, due to which the impact of other climate modes has increased. Mid-latitude interaction with the monsoonal flow has increased in recent decades. Azores high, a high-pressure cell over the north Atlantic, modulates the mid-latitude wave pattern over the Eurasian region, consequently affecting Asian jet and Tibetan High. Accordingly, the repositioning of Tibetan High has shifted the ISMR band westward, causing above-normal rainfall in west and central India and below-normal rainfall in east and northeast India. The ISMR has significantly decreased over the Gangetic Plain, adversely affecting this region. This case study for the year 2022 summer monsoon has reflected one of the pieces of evidence of subdued rainfall over Gangetic Plain of India. The situation is unique because normal to above-normal rainfall was observed over the rest of the country. After analyzing various parameters, it is observed that the surface pressure anomaly over north India is against climatology, suggesting a rise in surface pressure and hence, weakening of the monsoon trough over the Gangetic Plain. This weak monsoon trough over the Gangetic Plain has reduced the monsoonal flow towards this region. Also, the strengthened Azore’s High impact through midlatitude waves reinforced the large deficit of ISMR over the Gangetic Plain during 2022.

Abstract Image

恒河平原 2022 年印度夏季季风降雨不足的原因
印度夏季季风降雨量(ISMR)的多变性对印度的社会经济产生了影响。印度夏季季风降雨量与厄尔尼诺南方涛动(ENSO)之间的深刻关系越来越弱,因此其他气候模式的影响也越来越大。近几十年来,中纬度与季风气流的相互作用有所增加。亚速尔群岛高气压是北大西洋上空的一个高压气团,它调节欧亚地区的中纬度波浪模式,从而影响亚洲喷流和青藏高原。因此,西藏高气压的重新定位使印度降雨带向西移动,导致印度西部和中部降雨量高于正常水平,而印度东部和东北部降雨量低于正常水平。恒河平原上空的 ISMR 明显减少,对该地区造成不利影响。这项针对 2022 年夏季季风的案例研究反映了印度恒河平原降雨不足的证据之一。由于印度其他地区的降雨量正常或高于正常水平,因此情况比较特殊。在对各种参数进行分析后发现,印度北部的地面气压异常与气候学相反,表明地面气压上升,因此恒河平原上空的季风槽减弱。恒河平原上空的弱季风槽减少了流向该地区的季风气流。此外,2022 年期间,亚速尔高气压通过中纬度波加强了对恒河平原的影响,从而加剧了恒河平原上空的 ISMR 赤字。
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来源期刊
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
5.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics accepts original research papers for publication following the recommendations of a review panel. The emphasis lies with the following topic areas: - atmospheric dynamics and general circulation; - synoptic meteorology; - weather systems in specific regions, such as the tropics, the polar caps, the oceans; - atmospheric energetics; - numerical modeling and forecasting; - physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere, including radiation, optical effects, electricity, and atmospheric turbulence and transport processes; - mathematical and statistical techniques applied to meteorological data sets Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics discusses physical and chemical processes - in both clear and cloudy atmospheres - including radiation, optical and electrical effects, precipitation and cloud microphysics.
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