Fetal Growth Following Electronic Cigarette Use in Pregnancy

3区 综合性期刊 Q1 Medicine
Beth A. Bailey, Michelle Azar, Katherine Nadolski, Phoebe Dodge
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Abstract

Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use in pregnancy is common, but potential effects on fetal development are largely unknown. This study’s goal was to examine the association between e-cig exposure and fetal growth. Data were extracted from medical charts in this single-site retrospective study. The sample, excluding those with known tobacco, alcohol, illicit drug, opioid, and benzodiazepine use, contained women who used e-cigs throughout pregnancy and non-e-cig user controls. Fetal size measurements from second- and third-trimester ultrasounds and at birth were expressed as percentiles for gestational age. Following adjustment for confounding factors, in the second trimester, only femur length was significant, with an adjusted deficit of 11.5 percentile points for e-cig exposure compared to controls. By the third trimester, the femur length difference was 28.5 points, with the fetal weight difference also significant (17.2 points). At birth, all three size parameter differences between groups were significant. Significant size deficits were predicted by prenatal e-cig exposure, becoming larger and impacting more parameters with increasing gestation. While additional studies are warranted to confirm and expand upon these findings, this study adds to emerging data pointing to specific harms following e-cig exposure in pregnancy and suggests that e-cigs may not be a “safer” alternative to combustible cigarette smoking in pregnancy.
孕期使用电子烟后的胎儿生长情况
怀孕期间使用电子烟(e-cig)很常见,但其对胎儿发育的潜在影响在很大程度上还不为人所知。本研究的目的是探讨电子烟暴露与胎儿发育之间的关系。在这项单点回顾性研究中,我们从病历中提取了数据。样本中排除了已知使用烟草、酒精、违禁药物、阿片类药物和苯二氮卓类药物的妇女,包括在整个孕期使用电子烟的妇女和非电子烟使用者对照组。第二和第三次妊娠超声波检查和出生时的胎儿大小测量值以胎龄百分位数表示。在对混杂因素进行调整后,在怀孕的第二个三个月,只有股骨长度具有显著性,与对照组相比,接触电子烟的胎儿在调整后的百分位数上减少了 11.5 个百分点。到了第三个孕期,股骨长度的差异达到了 28.5 个百分点,胎儿体重的差异也很显著(17.2 个百分点)。出生时,各组之间的三个体型参数差异均显著。产前接触电子烟预示着显著的体型缺陷,随着妊娠期的增加,这种缺陷会变得更大,影响的参数也会更多。虽然还需要更多的研究来证实和扩展这些发现,但这项研究补充了新出现的数据,指出孕期接触电子烟会造成特定的危害,并表明电子烟可能不是孕期吸食可燃卷烟的 "更安全 "的替代品。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14422
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) (ISSN 1660-4601) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes, and short communications in the interdisciplinary area of environmental health sciences and public health. It links several scientific disciplines including biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, cellular and molecular biology, chemistry, computer science, ecology, engineering, epidemiology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, oncology, pathology, pharmacology, and toxicology, in an integrated fashion, to address critical issues related to environmental quality and public health. Therefore, IJERPH focuses on the publication of scientific and technical information on the impacts of natural phenomena and anthropogenic factors on the quality of our environment, the interrelationships between environmental health and the quality of life, as well as the socio-cultural, political, economic, and legal considerations related to environmental stewardship and public health. The 2018 IJERPH Outstanding Reviewer Award has been launched! This award acknowledge those who have generously dedicated their time to review manuscripts submitted to IJERPH. See full details at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/awards.
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