Tectonic evolution of the Northeastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean during the late Triassic: insights from depositional environment and provenance of the Xujiahe formation

IF 2 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Earth Science Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI:10.3389/feart.2024.1444679

Fenquan Xie, Wenzhou Xiao, Mabrouk Sami, Ioan V. Sanislav, Mohamed S. Ahmed, Chenguang Zhang, Yongkui Wang, Bingpeng Yan, Bing Hu, Ning Li, Douaa Fathy

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Abstract

The Triassic tectonic evolution and affinity among the Yangtze Block, Qinling Orogenic Belt and Songpan-Ganzi Terrane remain subjects of ongoing scientific debate. In this context, the sedimentary rocks of Xujiahe Formation (second segment) (T3x2) represent an ideal case for addressing this issue. In this study, new stratigraphic, geochemical and detrital zircon analyses have been conducted on two sections of the T3x2. The stratigraphic assemblage and features suggests a braided delta as the depositional setting. Whole-rock geochemical results indicate that the sandstones from the T3x2 exhibit moderate palaeo-weathering and primarily originate from upper crustal felsic rocks, mostly S-type granites. The detrital zircons within these sandstones display distinctive age peaks at intervals of 200–300 Ma, 700–900 Ma, and 1800–2000 Ma, similar to those from the Qinling Orogenic Belt. Both the clastic particle composition and whole-rock geochemistry indicates that the T3x2 sections were deposited in a tectonic environment transitioning from a passive to an active continental margin, highlighted by a braided delta influenced by rivers flowing from the northeast to the southwest.

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晚三叠世东北古特提斯洋的构造演化：从徐家河地层的沉积环境和产地看问题

三叠纪构造演化以及长江地块、秦岭造山带和松潘-甘孜地块之间的亲缘关系仍是科学界争论不休的问题。在此背景下，徐家河地层（第二段）（T3x2）沉积岩是解决这一问题的理想案例。本研究对 T3x2 的两个剖面进行了新的地层、地球化学和碎屑锆石分析。地层组合和特征表明沉积环境为辫状三角洲。全岩地球化学结果表明，T3x2 的砂岩表现出中等程度的古风化，主要源自上地壳长英岩，大部分为 S 型花岗岩。这些砂岩中的碎屑锆石在 200-300 Ma、700-900 Ma 和 1800-2000 Ma 之间显示出明显的年龄峰值，与秦岭造山带的砂岩相似。碎屑颗粒组成和全岩地球化学均表明，T3x2 断面沉积于从被动大陆边缘向活动大陆边缘过渡的构造环境中，其突出特点是受到从东北流向西南的河流影响的辫状三角洲。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Earth Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

10.30%

发文量

2076

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Earth Science is an open-access journal that aims to bring together and publish on a single platform the best research dedicated to our planet. This platform hosts the rapidly growing and continuously expanding domains in Earth Science, involving the lithosphere (including the geosciences spectrum), the hydrosphere (including marine geosciences and hydrology, complementing the existing Frontiers journal on Marine Science) and the atmosphere (including meteorology and climatology). As such, Frontiers in Earth Science focuses on the countless processes operating within and among the major spheres constituting our planet. In turn, the understanding of these processes provides the theoretical background to better use the available resources and to face the major environmental challenges (including earthquakes, tsunamis, eruptions, floods, landslides, climate changes, extreme meteorological events): this is where interdependent processes meet, requiring a holistic view to better live on and with our planet. The journal welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of Earth Science. The open-access model developed by Frontiers offers a fast, efficient, timely and dynamic alternative to traditional publication formats. The journal has 20 specialty sections at the first tier, each acting as an independent journal with a full editorial board. The traditional peer-review process is adapted to guarantee fairness and efficiency using a thorough paperless process, with real-time author-reviewer-editor interactions, collaborative reviewer mandates to maximize quality, and reviewer disclosure after article acceptance. While maintaining a rigorous peer-review, this system allows for a process whereby accepted articles are published online on average 90 days after submission. General Commentary articles as well as Book Reviews in Frontiers in Earth Science are only accepted upon invitation.