Genome-Wide Characterization of IQD Family Proteins in Apple and Functional Analysis of the Microtubule-Regulating Abilities of MdIQD17 and MdIQD28 under Cold Stress

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.3390/plants13172532

Yu Zhang, Shengjie Wang, Chaochao Zhang, Meng Qi, Luoqi Liu, Lipeng Yang, Na Lian

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Abstract

Microtubules undergo dynamic remodeling in response to diverse abiotic stress in plants. The plant-specific IQ67 DOMAIN (IQD) family proteins serve as microtubule-associated proteins, playing multifaceted roles in plant development and response to abiotic stress. However, the biological function of IQD genes in apple remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the Malus domestica genome, identifying 42 IQD genes distributed across 17 chromosomes and categorized them into four subgroups. Promoter analysis revealed the presence of stress-responsive elements. Subsequent expression analysis highlighted the significant upregulation of MdIQD17 and MdIQD28 in response to cold treatments, prompting their selection for further functional investigation. Subcellular localization studies confirmed the association of MdIQD17 and MdIQD28 with microtubules. Crucially, confocal microscopy and quantification revealed diminished microtubule depolymerization in cells transiently overexpressing MdIQD17 and MdIQD28 compared to wild-type cells during cold conditions. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of IQD genes in apple, elucidating their molecular mechanism in response to cold stress.

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苹果中 IQD 家族蛋白的全基因组特征以及 MdIQD17 和 MdIQD28 在冷胁迫下调节微管能力的功能分析

微管在植物应对各种非生物胁迫时会发生动态重塑。植物特有的 IQ67 DOMAIN（IQD）家族蛋白是微管相关蛋白，在植物发育和对非生物胁迫的响应中发挥着多方面的作用。然而，IQD 基因在苹果中的生物学功能仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对苹果基因组进行了全面分析，确定了分布在 17 条染色体上的 42 个 IQD 基因，并将它们分为四个亚组。启动子分析表明存在应激反应元件。随后的表达分析突显了 MdIQD17 和 MdIQD28 在应对冷处理时的显著上调，促使人们选择它们进行进一步的功能研究。亚细胞定位研究证实了 MdIQD17 和 MdIQD28 与微管的关联。重要的是，共聚焦显微镜和定量分析显示，与野生型细胞相比，瞬时过表达 MdIQD17 和 MdIQD28 的细胞在低温条件下的微管解聚减少。总之，本研究对苹果中的 IQD 基因进行了全面分析，阐明了它们应对冷胁迫的分子机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Plants

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