Assisted Phytoremediation between Biochar and Crotalaria pumila to Phytostabilize Heavy Metals in Mine Tailings

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.3390/plants13172516

Marcos Rosas-Ramírez, Efraín Tovar-Sánchez, Alexis Rodríguez-Solís, Karen Flores-Trujillo, María Luisa Castrejón-Godínez, Patricia Mussali-Galante

{"title":"Assisted Phytoremediation between Biochar and Crotalaria pumila to Phytostabilize Heavy Metals in Mine Tailings","authors":"Marcos Rosas-Ramírez, Efraín Tovar-Sánchez, Alexis Rodríguez-Solís, Karen Flores-Trujillo, María Luisa Castrejón-Godínez, Patricia Mussali-Galante","doi":"10.3390/plants13172516","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for mineral resources has generated mine tailings with heavy metals (HM) that negatively impact human and ecosystem health. Therefore, it is necessary to implement strategies that promote the immobilization or elimination of HM, like phytoremediation. However, the toxic effect of metals may affect plant establishment, growth, and fitness, reducing phytoremediation efficiency. Therefore, adding organic amendments to mine tailings, such as biochar, can favor the establishment of plants, reducing the bioavailability of HM and its subsequent incorporation into the food chain. Here, we evaluated HM bioaccumulation, biomass, morphological characters, chlorophyll content, and genotoxic damage in the herbaceous Crotalaria pumila to assess its potential for phytostabilization of HM in mine tailings. The study was carried out for 100 days on plants developed under greenhouse conditions under two treatments (tailing substrate and 75% tailing/25% coconut fiber biochar substrate); every 25 days, 12 plants were selected per treatment. C. pumila registered the following bioaccumulation patterns: Pb > Zn > Cu > Cd in root and in leaf tissues. Furthermore, the results showed that individuals that grew on mine tailing substrate bioaccumulated many times more metals (Zn: 2.1, Cu: 1.8, Cd: 5.0, Pb: 3.0) and showed higher genetic damage levels (1.5 times higher) compared to individuals grown on mine tailing substrate with biochar. In contrast, individuals grown on mine tailing substrate with biochar documented higher chlorophyll a and b content (1.1 times more, for both), as well as higher biomass (1.5 times more). Therefore, adding coconut fiber biochar to mine tailing has a positive effect on the establishment and development of C. pumila individuals with the potential to phytoextract and phytostabilize HM from polluted soils. Our results suggest that the binomial hyperaccumulator plant in combination with this particular biochar is an excellent system to phytostabilize soils contaminated with HM.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plants","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172516","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The increasing demand for mineral resources has generated mine tailings with heavy metals (HM) that negatively impact human and ecosystem health. Therefore, it is necessary to implement strategies that promote the immobilization or elimination of HM, like phytoremediation. However, the toxic effect of metals may affect plant establishment, growth, and fitness, reducing phytoremediation efficiency. Therefore, adding organic amendments to mine tailings, such as biochar, can favor the establishment of plants, reducing the bioavailability of HM and its subsequent incorporation into the food chain. Here, we evaluated HM bioaccumulation, biomass, morphological characters, chlorophyll content, and genotoxic damage in the herbaceous Crotalaria pumila to assess its potential for phytostabilization of HM in mine tailings. The study was carried out for 100 days on plants developed under greenhouse conditions under two treatments (tailing substrate and 75% tailing/25% coconut fiber biochar substrate); every 25 days, 12 plants were selected per treatment. C. pumila registered the following bioaccumulation patterns: Pb > Zn > Cu > Cd in root and in leaf tissues. Furthermore, the results showed that individuals that grew on mine tailing substrate bioaccumulated many times more metals (Zn: 2.1, Cu: 1.8, Cd: 5.0, Pb: 3.0) and showed higher genetic damage levels (1.5 times higher) compared to individuals grown on mine tailing substrate with biochar. In contrast, individuals grown on mine tailing substrate with biochar documented higher chlorophyll a and b content (1.1 times more, for both), as well as higher biomass (1.5 times more). Therefore, adding coconut fiber biochar to mine tailing has a positive effect on the establishment and development of C. pumila individuals with the potential to phytoextract and phytostabilize HM from polluted soils. Our results suggest that the binomial hyperaccumulator plant in combination with this particular biochar is an excellent system to phytostabilize soils contaminated with HM.

查看原文本刊更多论文

生物炭与鼠尾草之间的辅助植物修复作用可植物稳定矿山尾矿中的重金属

对矿产资源日益增长的需求产生了含有重金属（HM）的矿山尾矿，对人类和生态系统的健康造成了负面影响。因此，有必要实施促进固定或消除重金属的策略，如植物修复。然而，金属的毒性作用可能会影响植物的建立、生长和适应性，从而降低植物修复的效率。因此，在矿山尾矿中添加有机添加剂（如生物炭）有利于植物的生长，从而降低 HM 的生物利用率，并减少其随后进入食物链。在此，我们评估了草本植物 Crotalaria pumila 的 HM 生物积累、生物量、形态特征、叶绿素含量和基因毒性损伤，以评估其对矿山尾矿中 HM 植物稳定的潜力。研究在温室条件下对两种处理（尾矿基质和 75% 尾矿/25% 椰子纤维生物炭基质）下生长的植物进行了 100 天的研究；每隔 25 天，每个处理选择 12 株植物。椿树的生物累积模式如下：在根部和叶片组织中，铅>锌>铜>镉。此外，研究结果表明，与在含有生物炭的尾矿基质上生长的个体相比，在尾矿基质上生长的个体生物累积的金属量要高出许多倍（锌：2.1，铜：1.8，镉：5.0，铅：3.0），并且表现出更高的遗传损伤水平（高出 1.5 倍）。相比之下，在含有生物炭的尾矿基质上生长的个体叶绿素 a 和 b 含量更高（两者均高出 1.1 倍），生物量更高（高出 1.5 倍）。因此，在矿山尾矿中添加椰子纤维生物炭，对具有植物萃取和植物稳定污染土壤中 HM 的潜力的 C. pumila 个体的建立和发展有积极影响。我们的研究结果表明，二元超积累植物与这种特殊的生物炭相结合，是植物稳定受 HM 污染土壤的绝佳系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Plants

自引率

0.00%

发文量