Zinc Enhances Cadmium Accumulation in Shoots of Hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum by Improving ATP-Dependent Transport and Alleviating Toxicity

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.3390/plants13172528

Jia Zheng, Yukang Yue, Yuting Zhu, Yufeng Wang, Wenwen Zheng, Linfeng Hu, Dianyun Hou, Fayuan Wang, Liming Yang, Hongxiao Zhang

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Abstract

Solanum nigrum is a cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) accumulator with potential for phytoextraction of soil contaminated with heavy metals. However, how Zn affects Cd accumulation in S. nigrum remains unclear. In this study, S. nigrum seedlings were treated with 100 μmol·L−1 Zn (Zn100), 100 μmol·L−1 Cd (Cd100), and the Zn and Cd combination (Zn100+Cd100) for 10 days under hydroponic culture. Compared with Cd100, the Cd content in stems, leaves, and xylem saps was 1.8, 1.6, and 1.3 times more than that in Zn100+Cd100, respectively. In addition, the production of reactive oxygen species in leaves was significantly upregulated in Cd100 compared with the control, and it was downregulated in Zn100. Comparative analyses of transcriptomes and proteomes were conducted with S. nigrum leaves. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in Cd uptake, transport, and sequestration, and the upregulation of some transporter genes of Zn transporters (ZIPs), a natural resistance associated macrophage protein (Nramp1), a metal–nicotianamine transporter (YSL2), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs), oligopeptide transporters (OPTs), and metallothionein (MTs) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) genes was higher in Zn100+Cd100 than in Cd100. In addition, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) involved in electron transport chain, ATP, and chlorophyll biosynthesis, such as malate dehydrogenases (MDHs), ATPases, and chlorophyll a/b binding proteins, were mostly upregulated in Zn100. The results indicate that Zn supplement increases Cd accumulation and tolerance in S. nigrum by upregulating ATP-dependent Cd transport and sequestration pathways.

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锌通过改善 ATP 依赖性转运和减轻毒性，增强高积累型黑茄芽中的镉积累

黑茄属（Solanum nigrum）是一种镉（Cd）和锌（Zn）积累植物，具有植物萃取重金属污染土壤的潜力。然而，锌如何影响黑茄中镉的积累仍不清楚。本研究用 100 μmol-L-1 Zn（Zn100）、100 μmol-L-1 Cd（Cd100）以及 Zn 和 Cd 组合（Zn100+Cd100）处理黑奴幼苗，水培 10 天。与 Cd100 相比，茎、叶和木质部隙缝中的镉含量分别是 Zn100+Cd100 的 1.8 倍、1.6 倍和 1.3 倍。此外，与对照组相比，Cd100 中叶片活性氧的产生明显增加，而 Zn100 中则有所减少。对黑奴叶片的转录组和蛋白质组进行了比较分析。差异表达基因（DEGs）参与了镉的吸收、转运和螯合，并上调了锌转运体（ZIPs）、天然抗性相关巨噬细胞蛋白（Nramp1）的一些转运体基因、在 Zn100+Cd100 中，金属-尼古丁胺转运体（YSL2）、ATP 结合盒转运体（ABCs）、寡肽转运体（OPTs）、金属硫蛋白（MTs）和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GSTs）基因的上调率高于 Cd100。此外，参与电子传递链、ATP 和叶绿素生物合成的差异表达蛋白（DEPs），如苹果酸脱氢酶（MDHs）、ATP 酶和叶绿素 a/b 结合蛋白，在 Zn100 中大多上调。研究结果表明，补锌可通过上调 ATP 依赖性镉转运和螯合途径，增加黑奴的镉积累和耐受性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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