RollStore: Hybrid Onchain-Offchain Data Indexing for Blockchain Applications

IF 8.9 2区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1109/TKDE.2024.3436514

Qi Lin;Binbin Gu;Faisal Nawab

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The interest in building blockchain Decentralized Applications (DApps) has been growing over the past few years. DApps are implemented as smart contracts which are programs that are maintained by a blockchain network. Building DApps, however, faces many challenges—most notably the performance and monetary overhead of writing to blockchain smart contracts. To overcome this challenge, many DApp developers have explored utilizing off-chain resources—nodes outside of the blockchain network—to offload part of the processing and storage. In this paper, we propose RollStore, a data indexing solution for hybrid onchain-offchain DApps. RollStore provides efficiency in terms of reduced cost and latency, as well as security in terms of tolerating Byzantine (i.e., malicious) off-chain nodes. RollStore achieves this by: (1) a three-stage commitment strategy where each stage represents a point in a performance-security trade-off—i.e., the first stage is fast but less secure while the last stage is slower but more secure. (2) utilizing zero-knowledge (zk) proofs to enable the on-chain smart contract to verify off-chain operations with a small cost. (3) Combining Log-Structured Merge (LSM) trees and Merkle Mountain Range (MMR) trees to efficiently enable both access and verification of indexed data. We experimentally evaluate the cost and performance benefits of RollStore while comparing with BlockchainDB and BigChainDB.

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RollStore：区块链应用的链上-链下混合数据索引

过去几年，人们对构建区块链去中心化应用程序（DApps）的兴趣与日俱增。DApps 以智能合约的形式实现，智能合约是由区块链网络维护的程序。然而，构建 DApps 面临许多挑战，其中最突出的是向区块链智能合约写入程序的性能和金钱开销。为了克服这一挑战，许多 DApp 开发者探索利用链外资源--区块链网络之外的节点--来卸载部分处理和存储。在本文中，我们提出了RollStore，一种适用于链上-链下混合DApp的数据索引解决方案。RollStore 在降低成本和延迟方面提供了效率，在容忍拜占庭（即恶意）链外节点方面提供了安全性。RollStore 通过以下方式实现这一目标(1) 采用三阶段承诺策略，每个阶段代表性能-安全权衡中的一个点，即第一阶段速度快但安全性低，而最后阶段速度慢但安全性高。(2）利用零知识（zk）证明，使链上智能合约以较小的成本验证链下操作。(3) 结合日志结构合并（LSM）树和梅克尔山脉（MMR）树，高效地实现对索引数据的访问和验证。我们通过实验评估了 RollStore 的成本和性能优势，并与 BlockchainDB 和 BigChainDB 进行了比较。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

3.40%

发文量

515

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering encompasses knowledge and data engineering aspects within computer science, artificial intelligence, electrical engineering, computer engineering, and related fields. It provides an interdisciplinary platform for disseminating new developments in knowledge and data engineering and explores the practicality of these concepts in both hardware and software. Specific areas covered include knowledge-based and expert systems, AI techniques for knowledge and data management, tools, and methodologies, distributed processing, real-time systems, architectures, data management practices, database design, query languages, security, fault tolerance, statistical databases, algorithms, performance evaluation, and applications.