{"title":"Enhanced stability and decreased size limit for magnetic vortex state in thin permalloy nanodisk by radial modulation of thickness","authors":"Akhila Priya Kotti, Amaresh Chandra Mishra","doi":"10.1557/s43578-024-01431-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Magnetization reversal in thin cylindrical nanodisks with radius between 20 and 100 <i>nm</i> is investigated with particular emphasis to modulation of disk thickness. The nanodisk is kept 1 <i>nm</i> thin at the center, whereas it gradually thickens to 21 <i>nm</i> at the periphery. The thickness modulation stabilizes the vortex closure state as the ground state in nanodisk for radius as low as 20 <i>nm</i>. An onion state appears at remanence during in-plane magnetization reversal. Nudged elastic band method verifies that the vortex state is highly stable in all the nanodisks. In the nanodisk of 100 <i>nm</i> radius, the vortex state requires an energy of 2677 <i>kT</i> to transit into onion state where <i>kT</i> is thermal energy at room temperature. This stability however reduces with size of nanodisk and the smallest nanodisk of 20 <i>nm</i> radius has to surpass an energy barrier of 120 <i>kT</i> to topple over to onion state.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":16306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Research","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01431-4","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Magnetization reversal in thin cylindrical nanodisks with radius between 20 and 100 nm is investigated with particular emphasis to modulation of disk thickness. The nanodisk is kept 1 nm thin at the center, whereas it gradually thickens to 21 nm at the periphery. The thickness modulation stabilizes the vortex closure state as the ground state in nanodisk for radius as low as 20 nm. An onion state appears at remanence during in-plane magnetization reversal. Nudged elastic band method verifies that the vortex state is highly stable in all the nanodisks. In the nanodisk of 100 nm radius, the vortex state requires an energy of 2677 kT to transit into onion state where kT is thermal energy at room temperature. This stability however reduces with size of nanodisk and the smallest nanodisk of 20 nm radius has to surpass an energy barrier of 120 kT to topple over to onion state.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Materials Research (JMR) publishes the latest advances about the creation of new materials and materials with novel functionalities, fundamental understanding of processes that control the response of materials, and development of materials with significant performance improvements relative to state of the art materials. JMR welcomes papers that highlight novel processing techniques, the application and development of new analytical tools, and interpretation of fundamental materials science to achieve enhanced materials properties and uses. Materials research papers in the following topical areas are welcome.
• Novel materials discovery
• Electronic, photonic and magnetic materials
• Energy Conversion and storage materials
• New thermal and structural materials
• Soft materials
• Biomaterials and related topics
• Nanoscale science and technology
• Advances in materials characterization methods and techniques
• Computational materials science, modeling and theory
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