{"title":"Algorithm for 3D point cloud steganalysis based on composite operator feature enhancement","authors":"Shuai Ren, Hao Gong, Suya Zheng","doi":"10.1631/fitee.2400360","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Three-dimensional (3D) point cloud information hiding algorithms are mainly concentrated in the spatial domain. Existing spatial domain steganalysis algorithms are subject to more disturbing factors during the analysis and detection process, and can only be applied to 3D mesh objects, so there is a lack of steganalysis algorithms for 3D point cloud objects. To change the fact that steganalysis is limited to 3D mesh and eliminate the redundant features in the 3D mesh steganalysis feature set, we propose a 3D point cloud steganalysis algorithm based on composite operator feature enhancement. First, the 3D point cloud is normalized and smoothed. Second, the feature points that may contain secret information in 3D point clouds and their neighboring points are extracted as the feature enhancement region by the improved 3DHarris-ISS composite operator. Feature enhancement is performed in the feature enhancement region to form a feature-enhanced 3D point cloud, which highlights the feature points while suppressing the interference created by the rest of the vertices. Third, the existing 3D mesh feature set is screened to reduce the data redundancy of more relevant features, and the newly proposed local neighborhood feature set is added to the screened feature set to form the 3D point cloud steganography feature set POINT72. Finally, the steganographic features are extracted from the enhanced 3D point cloud using the POINT72 feature set, and steganalysis experiments are carried out. Experimental analysis shows that the algorithm can accurately analyze the 3D point cloud’s spatial steganography and determine whether the 3D point cloud contains hidden information, so the accuracy of 3D point cloud steganalysis, under the prerequisite of missing edge and face information, is close to that of the existing 3D mesh steganalysis algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12608,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400360","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) point cloud information hiding algorithms are mainly concentrated in the spatial domain. Existing spatial domain steganalysis algorithms are subject to more disturbing factors during the analysis and detection process, and can only be applied to 3D mesh objects, so there is a lack of steganalysis algorithms for 3D point cloud objects. To change the fact that steganalysis is limited to 3D mesh and eliminate the redundant features in the 3D mesh steganalysis feature set, we propose a 3D point cloud steganalysis algorithm based on composite operator feature enhancement. First, the 3D point cloud is normalized and smoothed. Second, the feature points that may contain secret information in 3D point clouds and their neighboring points are extracted as the feature enhancement region by the improved 3DHarris-ISS composite operator. Feature enhancement is performed in the feature enhancement region to form a feature-enhanced 3D point cloud, which highlights the feature points while suppressing the interference created by the rest of the vertices. Third, the existing 3D mesh feature set is screened to reduce the data redundancy of more relevant features, and the newly proposed local neighborhood feature set is added to the screened feature set to form the 3D point cloud steganography feature set POINT72. Finally, the steganographic features are extracted from the enhanced 3D point cloud using the POINT72 feature set, and steganalysis experiments are carried out. Experimental analysis shows that the algorithm can accurately analyze the 3D point cloud’s spatial steganography and determine whether the 3D point cloud contains hidden information, so the accuracy of 3D point cloud steganalysis, under the prerequisite of missing edge and face information, is close to that of the existing 3D mesh steganalysis algorithms.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering (ISSN 2095-9184, monthly), formerly known as Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) (2010-2014), is an international peer-reviewed journal launched by Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and Zhejiang University, co-published by Springer & Zhejiang University Press. FITEE is aimed to publish the latest implementation of applications, principles, and algorithms in the broad area of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, including but not limited to Computer Science, Information Sciences, Control, Automation, Telecommunications. There are different types of articles for your choice, including research articles, review articles, science letters, perspective, new technical notes and methods, etc.